Notes

Your Baptist Wellbeing Lexington Medical Orientation Progression Instrument: Any Methodological Review.
4±3.9 in female participants (p<0.0001). Low MMSE scores were detected in 20.2% of participants; 25.9% for females vs 12.8% for males; p<0.0001. Female gender (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.72; 95% CI 2.31 to 3.47), age (AOR=1.11; 95% CI 1.10 to 1.13), having received only primary or no formal education (AOR=2.87; 95% CI 2.26 to 3.65), alcohol intake (AOR=1.19; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.37), reporting one or more sleep complaints (AOR 1.63; 95% CI 1.14 to 2.32), dyslipidaemia (AOR=0.80; 95% CI 0.65 to 0.98) and history of depression (AOR=1.90; 95% CI 1.43 to 2.52) were associated with low MMSE scores.

This study identified a relatively high prevalence of low MMSE scores among persons attending PHC practices in a southern European community setting and associations with several known risk factors.
This study identified a relatively high prevalence of low MMSE scores among persons attending PHC practices in a southern European community setting and associations with several known risk factors.
We explored Japanese physicians' work-related stressors and identified those unique to this population, as well as clarified the influence of cultural and medical system diversity on these stressors to determine the content of future stress-reducing interventions for hospital physicians in Japan.

We conducted a semistructured, face-to-face interview-based qualitative study between August and October 2017. The collected data were analysed using the grounded theory approach.

Hospitals around the Tokyo metropolitan area, Japan.

Sixteen hospital physicians (mean age (SD)=33.9 (4.2) years; 11 men, 5 women). Seven worked in internal medicine and nine in surgery.

We found unique stressors related to the Japanese medical system and culture, such as continuous all-day work after night shifts, and a hierarchical organisational system called
. The results also indicated that Japanese physicians shared several stressors with Western physicians, such as sleep deprivation, high pressure and the limits of medicine.

Our study clarifies some sources of work-related stressors among hospital physicians in Japan. While the key components of Western interventions might be useful in a Japanese context, the original evidence obtained from this study highlights the necessity of initiating interventions addressing the unique stressors of Japanese physicians. To reduce physicians' stress and enhance their well-being, psychological interventions for hospital physicians must be introduced in Japan.
Our study clarifies some sources of work-related stressors among hospital physicians in Japan. While the key components of Western interventions might be useful in a Japanese context, the original evidence obtained from this study highlights the necessity of initiating interventions addressing the unique stressors of Japanese physicians. To reduce physicians' stress and enhance their well-being, psychological interventions for hospital physicians must be introduced in Japan.
The study analysed medical malpractice claims to assess patient safety in hospitals. The information derived from malpractice claims reflects potential risks and could help lead to reducing medical errors and improving patient safety.

We analysed 4380 medical malpractice claims from 351 grade-A tertiary hospitals in China for 2008-2017. We examined the characteristics of medical errors and patient safety, including the types of medical errors, proportionate liabilities and payments for medical malpractice in different clinical specialties.

We assessed claim characteristics, payment amounts and liability.

Our data analysis demonstrated that 72.5% of the claims involved medical errors, with average payments of US$31 430. The hospital's errors in medical malpractice resulted in 41.4% average liability in patient injury payments. Most medical malpractice cases occurred in Shanghai (817 claims, 18.7%) and Beijing (468 claims, 10.7%). The highest risks for medical error and malpractice claims were related trates to general Chinese hospitals. 36Different specialties had different risk characteristics regarding medical errors, payments and proportionate liabilities. Orthopaedics had the highest number of malpractices claims and higher proportionate liability but lower death rates.
Despite the national effort to integrate the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) programme into antenatal care clinics in Indonesia, the rate of mother-to-child HIV transmission remains high. This national study was conducted to describe PMTCT programme performance and to identify health facility characteristics associated with this performance in order to inform programme planning and policy development.

A retrospective cross-sectional study in December 2017.

All health facilities providing PMTCT programmes in Indonesia.

All health facilities registering at least one woman in antenatal care in 2017.

PMTCT data extraction from the national reporting system on HIV/AIDS and government reports.

Women retention in the PMTCT programme for at least 3 months and associated health facility characteristics.

A total of 373 health facilities registering 6502 HIV-positive women in antenatal care were included in the analysis. One-third of women (2099) never started antiretroviral treatment. O HIV programme is a high priority.
We observed low retention of HIV-positive pregnant women in the PMTCT programme in Indonesia in 2017. Rocaglamide Additional efforts are needed to improve women's retention in the PMTCT programme. Retention could be increased through the delivery of PMTCT programmes by replicating strategies implemented at hospital types A and B located in concentrated HIV epidemic areas where an HIV programme is a high priority.
Craniosynostosis is typically diagnosed and surgically corrected within the first year of life. The diagnosis and surgical correction of the condition can be a very stressful experience for families. Despite this, there is little research exploring the impact that craniosynostosis has on families, especially in the period immediately following diagnosis and correction. In this study, the authors aimed to qualitatively examine the psychosocial experience of families with a child diagnosed with craniosynostosis.

Qualitative study.

Tertiary care paediatric health centre.

Mothers of children newly diagnosed with single-suture, non-syndromic craniosynostosis.

Semistructured interviews regarding parental experience with the initial diagnosis, their decision on corrective surgery for their child, the operative experience, the impact of craniosynostosis on the family and the challenges they encountered throughout their journey.

Thematic analysis, a type of qualitative analysis that provides an in-depth account of participant's experiences, was used to analyse the interview data.
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