Notes

Credibility associated with Visual Coherence Tomography being a Analytic Way of Diabetic Retinopathy as well as Diabetic person Macular Swelling.
This study focuses on the management of chronic depression at the general practitioner's office and the collaboration between general practitioner (GP)-psychiatrist. Our study's highlights two different situations patients able to verbalize their psychological suffering and who can be directly referred to the psychiatrist and patients expressing their psychological suffering mainly by physical symptoms. GPs consider they first have to work with their patient to help them connect their somatic symptoms and their psychological suffering, which will allow them to refer their patient to the psychiatrist. If this work does not succeed, the GP remains at the forefront of medical care. Zimlovisertib clinical trial Long-term support continues, where the GP sometimes ends up giving up on curing and focusing on the doctor/patient relationship.Patients suffering from intellectual and developmental disabilities are vulnerable and often polymorbid. The neurosensory disorders that hinder communication and the multitude of caregivers working with them are main causes for the complexity of their care. In order to avoid fragmentation of care and to ensure optimal quality, the primary care physician should be able to show leadership and coordinate care to limit risky interventions and hospitalizations.It is estimated that about 1 712 000 people are suffering from disability in Switzerland, and that 1 to 3% of them present a severe form of disability associated with intellectual deficiency. Management of such patients is complex and faces various challenges. Communication and collaboration with the patients and among all stakeholders are key. In this review, we highlight the value of creating a network supporting people with disabilities. We also present the network available for in- and outpatients in Geneva, which offers consultations and training courses for healthcare workers, and encourages coordination between institutions and network collaboration.The health check-up is an opportunity for the general practitioner to carry out preventive measures and screening. Like any other patient, adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities must have access to it without discrimination. The preventive recommendations for people with disabilities follow those of the general population with some specificities, in particular the prevention of sensory disability, attention to the underestimated health problems in this population and those associated with the handicap. Here several types of barriers to the implementation of preventive measures such as patient's participatory and emotional barriers, the caregiver's barriers and the environmental barriers will be discussed. Finally, practical advice for the management of these patients will be presented.Behavioural disorders in adults with mental disabilities are very common and represent a diagnostic challenge. In fact, they often hide a somatic problem, which is more frequent in this population compared to the general population. These somatic symptoms may cause or enhance psychiatric symptoms. People with mental disabilities often have difficulties expressing their pain, which often manifests itself as mood changes. Consequently, it is important to be able to identify the pain as a priority and to treat it. The general practitioner should therefore check for the most common somatic complaints in people with mental disabilities, with the help of the acronym DODUGO (Dental, Otic, Digestive, UroGenital, Orthopaedic).Medical care of adults with disabilities, especially those with intellectual disabilities, can be ethically difficult. Several questions arise frequently. Can we administer a life-saving treatment that could impact negatively the patient's quality of life when the patient isn't able to give consent? During this Covid-19 period, can the use of chemical or physical restraints be considered as mistreatment, whereas the aim is to protect others? These are situations where the ethical question holds a central role. Although each clinical situation is unique, this article highlights, through four clinical cases, the ethical principles that should guide physicians in their decision-making process.Behavioral disorders in people with developmental and intellectual disability are frequent but their management is rarely taught. This article is to help primary physicians prescribe drug treatment. We will also discuss the key elements of two of the most commonly used classes of drugs, taking into account the patient's co-morbidities, contraindications and the main side effects.Professor Noemi Wigdorowicz-Makowerowa was born in Warsaw to a Polish Jewish family on November 24, 1912. She graduated from the Medical University of Warsaw in 1937 and from the Academy of Dentistry in 1939. In early 1940, she was forcibly relocated to the Warsaw Ghetto, from which she escaped in January 1943. Shortly after the Second World War, in 1946, she started working at Wroclaw University. She conducted multiple studies there on the fluoride prophylaxis of caries, and on temporomandibular joint arthropathy and its etiology. She proved the efficiency of tap water fluoridation in caries prevention through a comparative study on children from schools in Wroclaw and Malbork, where the fluoride concentrations were 0.1 mg/L and 3.2 mg/L, respectively. The incidence of deep caries and the rate of tooth mortality were significantly lower in Malbork. Her long-term studies on the fluoride prophylaxis of caries prompted Professor Wigdorowicz-Makowerowa to found the Scientific and Technical Team for Fluoride Prophylaxis, based at the Department of Dental Prosthetics in the Institute of Dentistry of Wroclaw Medical University, which led to the creation of 35 fluoride water treatment plants in Poland by 1980. Moreover, she emphasized that malocclusion caused by dental caries and tooth loss, bruxism, higher susceptibility to stress, and increased muscle tone may constitute reasons for masticatory organ disorders. In her long career of over 30 years, she published 68 articles about fluorine and its use in dentistry, and 50 articles about temporomandibular joint arthropathy and other masticatory organ disorders.
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