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ia for TKA patients.Mastocytosis is a rare infiltrative disorder characterized by mast cell proliferation within the skin and various extra-cutaneous organ systems. We report the case of a full-term neonate admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit for evaluation of diffuse skin lesions on her face, trunk and extremities. Initially, the lesions appeared to be consistent with a blueberry muffin rash. However, over a period of days the lesions became vesicular and changed in shape and number. The neonate underwent evaluation for infective etiologies, skin biopsy of the lesions, and flow cytometry analysis of the peripheral blood. The surgical pathology examination of the skin biopsy demonstrated mast cells consistent with a diagnosis of cutaneous mastocytosis. A review of relevant literature is also provided.End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients, including those on peritoneal dialysis (PD), are considered immunocompromised and at risk for opportunistic pathogens. Peritonitis is a major infectious PD complication with common causative pathogens, including gram-positive organisms such as coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species, Staphylococcus aureus more often than gram negative organisms. PD peritonitis is often secondary to suboptimal technique leading to contamination of the catheter site but can also be due to bacterial translocation from the bowel lumen or transient bacteremia after procedures; this makes identification of the causative organism crucial to optimal management of PD peritonitis. Ochrobactrum are glucose-non-fermentative, non-fastidious, motile gram-negative bacilli typically isolated in aqueous environments. Reported infections primarily occur in immunocompromised hosts with environmental exposure, including nosocomial contamination of fluids or indwelling catheters. We present only the seventh reported case of Ochrobactrum peritonitis in a 67-year-old PD patient secondary to poor technique, and review the literature for all prior cases. Although there have been no previous cases leading to bacteremia, three of the seven cases required removal of PD catheter.The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has triggered governments worldwide to implement severe restrictions on physical therapy protocols in order to better control the spread of the virus. One of the mechanisms of providing physical therapy patient care during this era is via telemedicine. Telerehabilitation or telerehab is a technological visual-audio system that serves patients, including those with a spine injury, ailment, or postoperatively, with neurological deficits. In this scoping review, we discuss the development of telerehab, the technological advances in the field, and the usage of telerehab specifically pertaining to spine patients, and comment on the advancement of telerehab in the time of COVID-19. There is preliminary evidence that suggests that the adoption of telerehab in lieu of face-to-face interventions is beneficial for reducing pain and improving physical function in patients afflicted with chronic nonmalignant musculoskeletal pain from low back pain, lumbar stenosis, neck pain, and osteoarthritis. Availability is important, as the necessary technology should be accessible to all participants. Safety and security should be addressed, as the passage of patient data over the Internet requires secure confidentiality. Ease-of-use is crucial to promote practicality, user-friendly operation, and adherence to therapy. The combination of evidence-based methodologies with cost-effective services will serve as a basis for the further expansion of vital telerehab services and increases reimbursement by health insurance providers.Background Information showing risk factor trends in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft in Saudi Arabia is scarce. Thus, we aimed to compare cardiovascular risk factors among coronary artery bypass graft patients between two periods 2012 and 2018. Methods This was a cross-sectional study based on hospital records at a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia. The medical records of 72 patients in 2012 and 111 patients in 2018 were reviewed. The study included all patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting for the first time. The chi-square test and independent t-test were used for statistical analysis; P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The mean (SD) of the patient age was 61.21 (9.74) years in the first period and 58.01 (11.14) years in the second period. The number of patients who smoked was significantly higher in the second period of the study (14.3% in the first period; 27.0% in the second period; P less then 0.001). The study also showed an increase in hypertension and diabetes mellitus in the second period compared to the first (70% vs 71.2% and 68.6% vs 72.1%, respectively), and a reduction in the percentage of patients with hypercholesterolemia (18.3% vs 17.1%). However, these findings were non-significant. Conclusions The percentage of smokers was significantly higher in the second period of this research as a consequence of cultural variation and because of the popularity of water-pipe smoking in the society. We recommend the need for increased awareness regarding smoking and the implementation of smoking-cessation programs.Lipomatous metaplasia is an infrequently discussed condition characterized by adipose tissue replacing scar tissue from ischemic events. Lipomatous metaplasia specifically of the myocardium is an adverse physiological result of myocardial infarction. In the past, several different imaging and diagnostic techniques were utilized to recognize lipomatous metaplasia of the myocardium. Bcl-2 protein family The aim of this study is to discuss an individual case with this condition to highlight several key aspects that are under-discussed in current literature, such as determining the most suitable modality for the recognition of lipomatous metaplasia.Subcutaneous emphysema is a rare complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia that should prompt immediate attention to find its cause. Herein, we describe three patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia who were admitted to the ICU and developed subcutaneous emphysema and one with a concomitant pneumothorax. Three patients with diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia admitted to the ICU developed subcutaneous emphysema during the hospital admission. One of them who had concomitant pneumothorax required thoracostomy tube for treatment and the other two were monitored clinically without additional interventions. Two patients died during the first two to three weeks of their hospital course. One patient survived and was discharged after 63 days in the hospital. Subcutaneous emphysema is considered a non-life-threatening condition and is usually self-limited requiring supportive treatment in mild cases. For such cases, observation is appropriate. Patients with newly discovered SE life-threatening pathology, such as pneumothorax, esophageal rupture, and necrotizing infections, should be investigated depending on the clinical setting.
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