Notes

Interstitially Combined Self-Assembled Monolayers Improve Electrical Steadiness of Molecular Junctions.
[This corrects the article DOI 10.3389/fonc.2021.638311.].
Endocrine therapy is administered to hormone-positive breast cancer patients to prevent distant metastasis. It is important to evaluate the risk of recurrence and to determine which patients are viable candidates for such treatment because hormone therapy has side effects that can include postmenopausal symptoms. The Clinical Treatment Score post-five years (CTS5), a simple tool for identifying candidates for endocrine therapy, was recently introduced; however, CTS5 only has been applied in validation studies with postmenopausal women. We aimed to validate CTS5 among premenopausal breast cancer patients.

We identified patients treated between 1994 and 2014 at Samsung Medical Center in Seoul, Korea, and followed their treatment outcomes for more than 60 months after surgery using clinicopathologic parameters. According to menopausal status, we divided the study population into two groups pre- and postmenopausal women. After calculating CTS5 values based on some parameters, we stratified the rate of late di
Although CTS5 was able to predict late DR, it should be applied with caution in premenopausal women. A CTS5 calculator for premenopausal women might be needed to not underestimate the risk of recurrence in Korea.
Although CTS5 was able to predict late DR, it should be applied with caution in premenopausal women. A CTS5 calculator for premenopausal women might be needed to not underestimate the risk of recurrence in Korea.
Pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) is a troublesome complication after total laryngectomy. The "Fistula zero" project aims to reduce the number of PCF by following a detailed protocol based on three fundamental key points.

The Fistula zero project included 77 patients who underwent total laryngectomy in the period from January 2019 to December 2020. The protocol consisted of three main aspects the systematic placement of a Har-El salivary bypass tube, the continuous horizontal watertight pharyngeal suture using a barbed suture, onlay insetting of a pedicled flap in pre-treated patients.

One case of PCF (1.3%) and three small blind fistulas (3.9%) were observed in this series. The mean length of hospitalization was 18 days.

Pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) prolongs hospitalization and delays adjuvant treatments. Thanks to a strict adherence to the protocol, it was possible to reduce PCF rates, avoiding lengthy hospitalization and additional surgical procedures.
Pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) prolongs hospitalization and delays adjuvant treatments. Thanks to a strict adherence to the protocol, it was possible to reduce PCF rates, avoiding lengthy hospitalization and additional surgical procedures.Epstein-Barr virus-latent membrane protein 1 (EBV-LMP1) was associated with lymphoma, but its specific mechanism is still controversial. The study is aimed at studying the regulation of lymphoma resistance by EBV-LMP1 through the MEK1/2/Nrf-2 signaling pathway. First, LMP1 was knocked down in EBV-positive SNK-6 cells and overexpressed in EBV-negative KHYG-1 cells. First, we found that overexpression of LMP1 significantly promoted the resistance of KHYG-1 cells to cisplatin (DDP), which was related to increased autophagy in the cells. In contrast, knockdown of LMP1 expression in SNK-6 cells promoted cellular sensitivity to DDP and reduced the autophagy of cells after DDP treatment. Moreover, specific inhibition of autophagy in KHYG-1 cells significantly attenuated the resistance to DDP caused by overexpression of LMP1, but treatment with rapamycin in SNK-6 cells significantly promoted the autophagy in the cells. Subsequently, overexpression of LMP1 promoted the activation of the MEK1/2-Nrf2 pathway in KYHG-1 cells, whereas knockdown of LMP1 in SNK-6 cells inhibited the activation of the MEK1/2-Nrf2 pathway. Inhibition of MEK1/2/Nrf-2 blocked the promoting effects of LMP1 on lymphoma cell resistance. In conclusion, EBV-LMP1 promotes cell autophagy after DDP treatment by activating the MEK1/2/Nrf-2 signaling pathway in lymphoma cells, thus, enhancing the resistance of lymphoma cells to DDP.One of the most important class of natural compounds with successful preclinical results in the management of cancer is the flavonoids. Due to the plethora of biological activities, apigenin (4',5,7 trihydroxyflavone) is a main representant of the flavone subclass. Although the antiproliferative and antiangiogenic effects of apigenin were studied on a significant number of human and murine melanoma cell lines, in order to complete the data existing in the literature, the aim of this study is to evaluate the in vitro effect of apigenin on SK-MEL-24 human melanoma cell line as well as in vivo on tumor angiogenesis using the aforementioned cell line on the chorioallantoic membrane assay. Results have shown that in the range of tested doses, the phytocompound presents significant antiproliferative, cytotoxic, and antimigratory potential at 30 μM, respectively, 60 μM. Moreover, the phytocompound in both tested concentrations limited melanoma cell growth and migration and induced a reduced angiogenic reaction limiting melanoma cell development.Fungal infective endocarditis is a rare and serious form of endocarditis associated with severe morbidity and mortality. The greatest propensity for infection can be found in patients with implanted prosthetic valves, implanted cardiac devices, and intravenous drug use. We present a case of a 45-year-old male with a prior bioprosthetic mitral valve who was diagnosed with Candida parapsilosis endocarditis. Computed tomography imaging of the abdomen was significant for splenic infarcts, and transesophageal echocardiography demonstrated a 1.23 cm x 0.55 cm lesion and 1.02 cm x 0.545 cm lesion on the bioprosthetic valve. The patient was subsequently treated with Amphotericin B and life-long Fluconazole. This case highlights the imaging findings and treatment of a rare disease process.Purpose This study aimed to perform a longitudinal analysis of linear accelerator (linac) technical faults reported with a cloud-based Machine Log system in use in a busy academic clinic and derive operational insights related to linac reliability, clinical utilization, and performance. Methods We queried the Machine Log system for the following parameters linac type, number of reported technical faults, types of fault, number of faults where the linac was disabled, and estimated clinical downtime. selleck chemical The number of fractions treated and monitor units (MU) delivered were obtained from the record and verify system as metrics of linac utilization and to normalize the number of reported linac faults, facilitating inter-comparison. Two Varian TrueBeam C-arm linacs (Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA), one Varian 21iX C-arm linac (Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA), and one newly installed Varian Halcyon ring gantry linac (Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA) were evaluated. The linacs were studied over a 30-month period from September 2017 to March 2020.
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