Notes

Frequent Hernia Resulting in Rightward Mediastinal Change: Diagnostics in Cardiology as well as Medical Pearl nuggets.
1 (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.5; 20.7) minutes increase in sleep duration and higher odds of reporting the highest levels of sleep quality and restfulness. Focusing on attended lectures starting before noon, hourly delay of first lecture start time was associated with 37.4 (95% CI 22.0; 52.8) minutes increased sleep duration. Bedtime, sleep time, and sleep onset latency were not significantly associated with first lecture start times.

This study found that undergraduate students had longer sleep and healthier sleep quality when university first lectures started later. The earliest lecture start time that afforded sufficient sleep duration for students was 1000.
This study found that undergraduate students had longer sleep and healthier sleep quality when university first lectures started later. The earliest lecture start time that afforded sufficient sleep duration for students was 1000.
Since waste from swine industrial livestock operations (ILOs) produces air pollutants associated with negative health outcomes among nearby residents, we assessed the impact of odorant emissions on sleep duration and awakenings.

A repeated-measures design.

Sixteen residential communities in eastern North Carolina hosting swine ILOs.

Eighty participants residing in eastern North Carolina from 2003 to 2005.

Not applicable.

Study participants completed twice-daily diaries in which they rated the strength of hog odors and indicated whether they were asleep or awake per hour for 2 weeks. Simultaneously, a monitoring trailer placed in a central location in each community measured the atmospheric concentration of hydrogen sulfide (H
S). Subject-conditional fixed-effects regression models were used to estimate associations between 2 markers of swine ILO pollutant exposures (H
S and swine odor) and 2 self-reported sleep outcomes (nightly sleep duration and awakening from sleep).

Among 80 participants, nightly (across a 12-hour period) swine odor was associated with lower nightly sleep duration (mean difference=-14.3 minutes, 95% confidence interval -25.0 to -3.3 minutes) compared to odor-free nights and detection of nightly hydrogen sulfide was associated with an increased risk of awakening (hazard ratio=1.23, 95% confidence interval 0.98 to 1.55) compared to nights with no detection of hydrogen sulfide.

These results suggest that environmental odorants are important considerations for sleep health and highlight the importance of sleep as a potential mediator between environmental air pollution and health outcomes impacted by poor sleep.
These results suggest that environmental odorants are important considerations for sleep health and highlight the importance of sleep as a potential mediator between environmental air pollution and health outcomes impacted by poor sleep.The use of Wide Awake Local Anaesthetic No Tourniquet (WALANT) amongst Plastic and Orthopaedic Hand Surgeons has been accelerated by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated risks of general anaesthesia. Benefits of WALANT include a bloodless field, improved recovery, on-table testing, as well as cost and time savings. Whilst more clinical trials are underway to fully elucidate safety-profile and outcomes, there is a lack of consensus and clarity over contraindications to WALANT. A survey of trainees identified that only one-in-five were aware of the appropriate reversal agent in the event of inadequate perfusion. We feel that a WALANT checklist should be developed and implemented for use immediately prior to administration of local anaesthetic with adrenaline to an extremity, building on the successes of the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the Royal College of Anaesthetists checklists. Such a checklist should include contraindications to WALANT and make the operator aware of the availability, dose and location of Phentolamine as a reversal agent. Introducing this checklist will help to facilitate safer and more effective use of WALANT within Hand Surgery.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is one of the worst medical emergencies that has hit the world in almost a century. The virus has now spread to a large number of countries/territories and has caused over three million deaths. selleck products Evidently, the virus has been mutating and adapting during this period. Significant effort has been spent on identifying these variations and their impact on transmission, virulence and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2. Binding of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) promotes cellular entry. Therefore, human ACE2 variations could also influence susceptibility or resistance to the virus. A deeper understanding of the evolution and genetic variations in SARS-CoV-2 as well as ACE2 could contribute to the development of effective treatment and preventive measures. Here, we review the literature on SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 variations and their role in COVID-19.
There is a fourfold higher prevalence of sleep problems in multiple sclerosis (MS) than the general population.

This study examined cross-sectional associations among device-measured sedentary and physical activity behavior with perceived sleep quality in adults with MS.

Adults with MS (N=290) completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and wore an accelerometer for seven days providing a measure of time spent in sedentary behavior, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) using MS-specific cut-points. We conducted multiple linear regression analysis to identify the independent contributions of variables for explaining PSQI scores.

The overall model accounted for 2% of the variance in global PSQI scores, and MVPA was significantly and independently associated with global PSQI scores (β=─0.123; p=0.045; partial r=─0.118) when accounting for average wear time, sedentary behavior, and time spent in LPA. There were no other significant associations with PSQI global score.

Our results suggest that time spent in MVPA may be associated with better sleep quality in adults with MS, but adults with MS do not spend sufficient time in physical activity. Researchers should evaluate these relationships in longitudinal study designs and behavior change interventions, as physical activity may provide a unique opportunity to improve sleep quality outcomes.
Our results suggest that time spent in MVPA may be associated with better sleep quality in adults with MS, but adults with MS do not spend sufficient time in physical activity. Researchers should evaluate these relationships in longitudinal study designs and behavior change interventions, as physical activity may provide a unique opportunity to improve sleep quality outcomes.
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