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Allergic diseases are one of the most frequent chronic diseases in the world. It has been established that there is a worldwide epidemic of allergic diseases; therefore, the treatment of allergies should be acknowledged as a worldwide priority and the specialty of allergy should be considered an important field in medicine. Due to the fact that allergic diseases involve many organs, and Allergy and Clinical Immunology is one of the specialties in which physicians may be trained to treat patients of all ages, the subject in medical schools is not always taught as an individual specialty but often as part of another subject such as internal medicine or pediatrics. Certified allergists are an important contribution to health systems, providing the necessary care for patients who have allergic diseases. Undergraduate programs in many universities do not include allergy as a subject, contributing to a lack of knowledge regarding the correct management of allergic diseases. World Health Organization (WHO) recommends 1 allergist per 50,000 people; however, there is an uneven distribution of allergy and clinical immunology specialists. Most practitioners are localized mainly in larger cities and state capitals, while in other regions, specialists are still greatly needed. Support and training systems are required for allergy and clinical immunology specialists to promote continuing education and keep their clinical competence up to date, which will lead to better care for their patients. Increased exposure to the concepts of allergy and clinical immunology diagnosis and treatment in undergraduate education may also potentially lead to an increase in interest in the field of allergy and clinical immunology among physicians in training. This review will approach allergy education in Mexico and other parts of Latin America.
NUT carcinoma is a rare aggressive squamous cell carcinoma subtype genetically characterized by
rearrangements. NUT carcinoma can be easily misdiagnosed as an undifferentiated carcinoma or Ewing sarcoma due to its primitive differentiation.

We report a case of renal-derived NUT carcinoma diagnosed as a malignant small round-cell tumor resembling Ewing sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor where the diagnosis was revised to NUT carcinoma with a characteristic NUTM1 rearrangement based on next-generation sequencing (NGS). The patient received a standard NUT carcinoma treatment after recurrence but died of first-line chemotherapy failure due to advanced neoplasm progression.

Routine NUT immunohistochemistry staining, NGS, and/or fluorescent
hybridization for poorly differentiated carcinoma and sarcoma can help avoid misdiagnosis of NUT carcinoma-related tumors, allowing patients to benefit from bromodomain and extra-terminal motif inhibitor therapy.
Routine NUT immunohistochemistry staining, NGS, and/or fluorescent in situ hybridization for poorly differentiated carcinoma and sarcoma can help avoid misdiagnosis of NUT carcinoma-related tumors, allowing patients to benefit from bromodomain and extra-terminal motif inhibitor therapy.Neoplasms with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation (PEComas) of the pancreas are rare, and only 22 cases have been reported globally. Therefore, clinician and pathologist knowledge of this tumor's biologic behavior and molecular genetics has been limited. A 40-year-old female patient presented with a space-occupying mass in the pancreas found by abdominal B-mode ultrasonography upon physical examination. Laparoscopic resection of the pancreatic body and tail was performed, and a cystic-solid tumor of about 2 × 2 cm was identified. selleck products PEComa is a type of mesenchymal tumor with uncertain biologic behavior, more frequently found in females. PEComa features a unique histomorphology and immunophenotype. We summarize the characteristics and research progress of the pancreatic PEComa, which will be convenient for physicians and pathologists to fully understand the disease to avoid misdiagnosis and to provide a reference for treatment and prognosis.
This study explored and analyzed the expression of LncRNA NEAT1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its correlation with Th1/Th2 balance.

We chose 97 SLE patients admitted in our hospital from Jun. 2016 to Feb. 2019 as SLE group, and randomly selected 50 healthy volunteers that underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period as control group. We detected the expression of LncRNA NEAT1 in PBMCs of the two groups of subjects by qRT-PCR, the degree of Th1 and Th2 cells in both groups by flow cytometry, and the expression of TFN-γ and IL-4 in both groups by ELISA.

The relative expression of LncRNA NEAT1 in PBMCs of SLE group was higher than that of control group (
). The proportion of Th1 and the ratio of Th1/Th2 cells in PBMCs were markedly lower in the SLE group than the control group (
), while the proportion of Th2 was higher in the SLE group than the control group (
). IFN-γ level in SLE group was much lower than the control group (
), while IL-4 level was evidently higher in the SLE group than in controls (
). The expression of LncRNA NEAT1 in PBMCs of SLE group was notably negatively correlated with Th1 proportion and Th1/Th2 ratio (
), while positively correlated with Th2 proportion (
).

LncRNA NEAT1 in PBMCs of SLE patients is abnormally highly expressed, and this expression is negatively correlated with Th1/Th2 balance. These two factors may interact and jointly affect the occurrence and progression of SLE.
LncRNA NEAT1 in PBMCs of SLE patients is abnormally highly expressed, and this expression is negatively correlated with Th1/Th2 balance. These two factors may interact and jointly affect the occurrence and progression of SLE.The purpose of this study is to explore the associations of BNIP3 and DAPK1 polymorphisms with disease susceptibility, clinicopathologic characteristics, depression, and anxiety in gastric cancer (GC) patients. In this study, 150 GC patients and 100 healthy controls were recruited. 1000 Genomes database and Haploview 4.0 software were used to select tag SNPs. Improved multiplex ligase detection reaction was used for genotyping. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test (χ2 test) and univariate and multivariate logistic regression. The results demonstrated that the rs10781582 of BNIP3 in the dominant model was associated with a reduced risk of GC in the younger group (P BH = 0.015), and the minor allele G of rs1329600 at DAPK1 was associated with reduced risk of GC (P BH = 0.018). In the stratified analysis, the rs3793742 and rs10781582 of BNIP3 in the dominant model were associated with gender and age of GC patients, respectively (rs3793742 P BH = 0.033; rs10781582 P BH = 0.030). The rs10781582 of BNIP3 in the dominant model was correlated with depression in GC patients (P BH = 0.
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