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Ovarian tissue grafting: Lessons trained from your exposure to Fityfive grafts.
In the past decade, surgeons have increasingly advocated for a return to prepectoral breast reconstruction with claims that surgical mesh (including acellular dermal matrix) can reduce complication rates. However, numerous surgical and implant advancements have occurred in the decades since the initial prepectoral studies, and it is unclear whether mesh is solely responsible for the touted benefits.

The authors conducted a systematic review of all English language articles reporting original data for prepectoral implant-based breast reconstruction. Articles presenting duplicate data were excluded. Complications were recorded and calculated on a per-breast basis and separated as mesh-assisted, no-mesh prior to 2006, and no-mesh after 2006 (date of first silicone gel-filled breast implant approval). Capsular contracture comparisons were adjusted for duration of follow-up.

A total of 58 articles were included encompassing 3120 patients from 1966 to 2019. The majority of the included studies were retrospectmesh.
We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of thoracic ultrasonography (USG) in diagnosis of pleural exudates and transudates using pleural thickness (PT) measurement.

Patients who underwent investigations for pleural fluid between January 2018 and May 2018 were included in this prospective study. The patients were evaluated using radiologic imaging modalities to detect pleural fluid, and PT was measured using thoracic USG. The patients were then divided into 2 groups according to Light's criteria as transudative pleural fluid (TPF) and exudative pleural fluid (EPF), and the results were compared between the groups.

A total of 73 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 62±15.1 years. Forty-eight patients (65.8%) had EPF and 25 (34.2%) had TPF. Thoracic USG revealed a mean PT of 0.3±0.1 cm in the TPF group and 0.6±0.3 cm in the EPF group (P<0.001). The optimal cut-off value for PT was 0.2 cm in the TPF group. The sensitivity and specificity of thoracic USG were calculated as 87.5% and 56%, respectively.

The measurement of PT using thoracic USG in this study has a high sensitivity but low specificity for identifying transudates from exudates. This approach may be useful in patients who refuse thoracentesis or have a contraindication for the procedure, and in emergency and intensive care unit settings. We recommend further studies to determine the efficacy of thoracic USG studies in patients with pleural fluids.
The measurement of PT using thoracic USG in this study has a high sensitivity but low specificity for identifying transudates from exudates. This approach may be useful in patients who refuse thoracentesis or have a contraindication for the procedure, and in emergency and intensive care unit settings. We recommend further studies to determine the efficacy of thoracic USG studies in patients with pleural fluids.
Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) via flexible bronchoscopy is a valuable diagnostic technique in children. The quality of BAL is directly related to the volume of the fluid recovered. Continuous wall suctioning and handheld syringe suctioning are the 2 commonly used methods, but they are rarely compared in children. We aimed to compare the above 2 suctioning techniques for BAL in the pediatric age group.

This randomized controlled study enrolled children from 1 month to 18 years of age undergoing flexible bronchoscopy and BAL. We compared continuous wall suctioning and the handheld syringe suctioning technique. The primary outcome was the percentage of BAL fluid recovery in 2 different suctioning techniques. read more Secondary outcomes included technical acceptable BAL and yield of various diagnostic tests in BAL.

The study included 73 children (48 boys) with a median (interquartile range) age of 30 (8, 108) months. There were 37 children in the wall mount group and 36 children in the syringe suction group. Baseline characteristics of the groups were similar. The wall mount suction had more recovery of BAL fluid compared with the syringe method (43.6±8.4% vs. 37.8±8.5%, P=0.004). The proportion of BAL having a fluid recovery of ≥40% was also high in the wall mount suction [31 (83.8%) vs. 17 (47.2%); P=0.001]. There was no difference in diagnostic yield between the groups.

Wall mount suction had better BAL fluid recovery compared with handheld syringe suction in children undergoing flexible bronchoscopy. The diagnostic yield was similar in both groups.
Wall mount suction had better BAL fluid recovery compared with handheld syringe suction in children undergoing flexible bronchoscopy. The diagnostic yield was similar in both groups.
We undertook this study to understand participants' perceptions of their assigned treatment in a randomized control trial examining the use of extended-release naltrexone versus treatment as usual for substance use disorders.

Semi-structured qualitative interviews among 22 prospective and actual participants in a larger clinical trial examining the feasibility of extended-release naltrexone for both opioid and alcohol use disorders among people living with HIV. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed thematically.

Participants described their study experience as mostly positive, but also concurrently held or developed study medication apprehensions and misperceptions. First, some participants described apprehension, lack of control, and uneasiness regarding their assigned treatment. Second, some participants perceived their treatment as "placebos" and/or were convinced that their treatment was ineffective, shaping perceptions of impact on their substance use. Third, some participants perceived unity engagement in trial design and implementation in order to improve participant education about the nature of interventions and the potential of ongoing consent processes integrated throughout studies to promote participant understandings of study purposes and objectives.
To examine patient characteristics and outcomes among opioid use disorder patients enrolled in low-threshold buprenorphine treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This paper describes the adaptation of the Project Connections (PC) program, a low-threshold buprenorphine program in Baltimore, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper examines patient characteristics and initial outcomes of patients served during a rapid protocol shift to telehealth that allowed buprenorphine initiation without an in-person encounter following a state-mandated stay-at-home order. Patient characteristics were compared to a subsample of patients enrolled in the program before the COVID-19 pandemic.

In March 2020, there was a sharp increase in new enrollments to the PC program. A total of 143 patients completed an intake assessment between March and May 2020 and 140 began treatment with buprenorphine/naloxone. Those who completed an intake assessment were primarily male (68.5%), Black (83.2%), had a mean age of 43.2 years (SD = 11.
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