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Virus-induced genetic malformations within cattle.
Background Cooperation among university units is considered a cornerstone for the promotion of students' health. The underlying mechanisms of health-promoting networks at universities have rarely been examined so far. Shedding light on partnerships is generally limited to the naming of allied actors in a network. Objectives and Methods In this study, we used network analysis intending to visualize and describe the positions and characteristics of the network actors, and examine organizational relationships to determine the characteristics of the complete network. Results The network analysis at hand provides in-depth insights into university structures promoting students' health comprising 33 organizational units and hundreds of ties. Both cooperation and communication network show a flat, non-hierarchical structure, which is reflected by its low centralization indices (39-43%) and short average distances (1.43-1.47) with low standard deviations (0.499-0.507), small diameter (3), and the non-existence of subgroups. Density lies between 0.53 and 0.57. According to the respondents, the University Sports Center is considered the most important actor in the context of students' health. Presidium and Institute of Sport and Sports Science play an integral role in terms of network functionality. Conclusion In the health-promoting network, numerous opportunities for further integration and interaction of actors exist. Indications for transferring results to other universities are discussed. Network analysis enables universities to profoundly analyze their health-promoting structures, which is the basis for sustained network governance and development.Background Previous studies have demonstrated the embryotoxicity and fetotoxicity of thallium (Tl). However, the effects of prenatal exposure to Tl on birth weight and placental weight and the mediating role of placental weight in the association of Tl with birth weight remain unclear. Methods We recruited 2,748 participants from the ongoing Prenatal Environment and Offspring Health Cohort (PEOH Cohort) study, which was initiated in 2016 in Guangzhou, China. The Tl concentrations in maternal urine samples collected during the first and third trimester were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Birth weight and placental weight were extracted from maternal medical records. Results Pregnant women exposed to the highest tertile of Tl in the first trimester (β = -42.7 g, 95% CI -82.3, -3.1 g) and third trimester (β = -50.6 g, 95% CI -99.0, -2.3 g) had babies with lower birth weights than those exposed to the lowest tertile. We also found significant negative associations of exposure to Tl concentrations in the first and third trimester with placental weight. Mediation analyses showed that 50.3% (95% CI 15.9, 79.2%) and 33.5% (95% CI 1.3, 80.3%) of the effects of Tl exposure in the first and third trimester on birth weight were mediated by decreased placental weight. Conclusion Our results suggest that prenatal exposure to Tl is negatively associated with birth weight and that this association may be mediated by decreased placental weight.Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related quarantine has had unique psychological challenges for medical students, particularly loneliness. In this study, we demonstrated the patterns and predictors of loneliness in medical students since post-lockdown to new normal with COVID-19. Methods A convenience sampling method was used in this study. Face-to-face online questionnaires of UCLA Loneliness Scale and psychological characteristics scales were completed by 1,478 participants. Latent profile analysis and multinominal logistic regressions were performed. Results Three latent profile models were identified in this study low loneliness (52.3%), interpersonal sensitivity loneliness (3.5%), and high loneliness (44.1%). Sophomore (Est = 1.937; p less then 0.05) and junior students (Est = 2.939; p less then 0.05), neuroticism (Est = 2.475; p less then 0.05), high arousal symptoms (Est = 2.618; p less then 0.01), and the quality of support from friends (Est = 2.264; p less then 0.05) were the risk factors for high loneliness profile. In addition, sophomore (Est = 2.065; p less then 0.05) and junior students (Est = 2.702; p less then 0.01), openness (Est = 2.303; p less then 0.05), and conscientiousness personality (Est = -2.348; p less then 0.05) were the predictors of an interpersonal sensitive loneliness profile. Good peer relationship (Est = -2.266; p less then 0.05) and other support (Est = -2.247; p less then 0.05) were protective factors for low loneliness profile. Limitations Participants were selected from one medical university; the generalizability is limited. see more Conclusions Timely loneliness-focused interventions should be targeted on the different profiles and predictors of loneliness in medical students.Background and Purpose Cardiotoxicity is a well-known adverse effect of radiation therapy. Measurable abnormalities in the heart function indicate advanced and often irreversible heart damage. Therefore, early detection of cardiac toxicity is necessary to delay and alleviate the development of the disease. The present study investigated long-term serum proteome alterations following local heart irradiation using a mouse model with the aim to detect biomarkers of radiation-induced cardiac toxicity. Materials and Methods Serum samples from C57BL/6J mice were collected 20 weeks after local heart irradiation with 8 or 16 Gy X-ray; the controls were sham-irradiated. The samples were analyzed by quantitative proteomics based on data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry. The proteomics data were further investigated using bioinformatics and ELISA. Results The analysis showed radiation-induced changes in the level of several serum proteins involved in the acute phase response, inflammation, and cholesterol metabolism. We found significantly enhanced expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-1, and IL-6) in the serum of the irradiated mice. The level of free fatty acids, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and oxidized LDL was increased, whereas that of high-density lipoprotein was decreased by irradiation. Conclusions This study provides information on systemic effects of heart irradiation. It elucidates a radiation fingerprint in the serum that may be used to elucidate adverse cardiac effects after radiation therapy.
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