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Generating sense of "superbugs" on the internet: The storytelling method.
We previously reported that intraspinal transplantation of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) promotes functional recovery in a rat model of acute traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). However, whether intravenous transplantation of hAMSCs also has therapeutic benefit remains uncertain. In this study, we assessed whether intravenous transplantation of hAMSCs improves outcomes in rats with acute traumatic SCI. In addition, the potential mechanisms underlying the possible benefits of this therapy were investigated. Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to SCI using a weight drop device, and then hAMSCs or PBS were administered after 2 h via the tail vein. Our results indicated that transplanted hAMSCs could migrate to injured spinal cord lesion. Compared with the control group, hAMSCs transplantation significantly decreased the numbers of ED1 macrophages/microglia and caspase-3 cells, and reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6 and IL-1β. In addition, hAMSCs transplantation significantly attenuated Evans blue extravasation, promoted angiogenesis and axonal regeneration. hAMSCs transplantation also significantly improved functional recovery. These results suggest that intravenous administration of hAMSCs provides neuroprotective effects in rats after acute SCI, and could be an alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of acute SCI.Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate serial Transport Risk Assessment in Pediatrics (TRAP) scoring during pediatric critical care transport as a potential measure for specialized pediatric transport teams (PTTs). Methods This was a retrospective study with a provincial PTT from a tertiary hospital pediatric intensive care unit. All acutely ill children who were transported by the PTT between 2018 and 2019 were included in the study. The TRAP scores were measured at time of transport team arrival (TRAP1), time at arrival to tertiary center (TRAP2), and 4 hours postarrival to tertiary center (TRAP3). Results A total of 300 transports were included. Patients' mean age was 54 months, with lower respiratory tract infection (40.7%) as the most common diagnosis. There were significant differences between TRAP1-TRAP2 (P less then 0.01) and TRAP1-TRAP3 (P less then 0.01), but not between TRAP2-TRAP3 (P = 0.67). The most significant improvements of ΔTRAP1-TRAP2 scores were seen in septic shock (mean, 2.0; SD, 1.7). Conclusions The TRAP scores improved following the PTTs' arrival to acutely ill children, particularly with sepsis. K-Ras(G12C) inhibitor 9 Serial TRAP scoring may present a system for evaluation of team performance and/or characterize disease states that are positively impacted by PTTs. Future prospective evaluation is needed to validate TRAP for this purpose.Conjunctival mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma classically presents as a subconjunctival mass, most often in the fornix. The presence of conjunctival mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma with spread down the nasolacrimal duct has only been reported once previously. The authors present a case of a 35-year-old woman with a right conjunctival mass in the inferior fornix along with sinus congestion and fullness. A biopsy of the conjunctival mass and the nasal turbinate revealed a conjunctival mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Therefore, it is important to consider spread down the nasolacrimal duct in patients with conjunctival lymphoma also presenting with difficulty breathing or nasal congestion.Purpose To determine if early postoperative swelling has an effect on change in the upper eyelid position after external levator resection (ELR) or blepharoplasty. Methods In this observational cohort study, patients >18 years old who underwent ELR or upper blepharoplasty were identified. Digital photographs in primary position were obtained at the preoperative, early postoperative week one, and late postoperative month 3 visits. Marginal reflex distance 1 (MRD1) was measured digitally. Swelling was graded on a previously validated scale from 0 to 3. Photographs were evaluated by 26 experts/professional image graders. Primary outcome measure was changed in MRD1 from preoperative to late postoperative visits. Secondary outcome measure was change in MRD1 from early to late postoperative visits. The effect of early postoperative swelling on each outcome was assessed using linear regression models. Results The sample contained 54 patients (25 ELR and 29 blepharoplasty). The model regressing change in MRD1 from preoperative to late postoperative visits with early postoperative swelling as the predictor was significant for ELR (R = 0.165, p = 0.044) but not blepharoplasty (R = 0.016, p = 0.515). However, the model controlling for preoperative MRD1 was not significant for ELR (B = 0.423, p = 0.354). The model regressing change in MRD1 from early to late postoperative follow up utilizing early postoperative swelling as the sole predictor was not significant for ELR (R = 0.010, p = 0.627) but was significant for blepharoplasty (R = 0.207, p = 0.013), with increased swelling associated with greater change in MRD1. Conclusions Early postoperative swelling does not affect the final MRD1 outcome of ELR or upper blepharoplasty; however, blepharoplasty patients with early postoperative swelling may experience greater increase in MRD1 over follow up.Purpose Prior color-flow Doppler ultrasound studies of the eye have been performed with systems that exceed US Food and Drug Administration permissible ophthalmic ultrasonic energy limits. The authors report a study of orbital vascular malformations using a novel, Food and Drug Administration compliant, ultrafast compound coherent plane-wave ultrasound device to produce power Doppler images. Methods Using a Verasonics Vantage 128 ultrasound engine and a user-developed MATLAB program with a 5-MHz linear-array probe, compound coherent plane-wave ultrasound data were collected on patients with orbital vascular malformations. Real-time color-flow Doppler visualized orbital blood flow. Power Doppler images were produced by post-processing compound coherent plane-wave ultrasound data acquired continuously for 2 seconds. Results Compound coherent plane-wave ultrasound was performed on 3 orbital vascular malformations (1 venolymphatic malformation, 1 infantile hemangioma, and 1 arteriovenous malformation). Compound coherent plane-wave ultrasound produced a high-resolution depiction of orbital blood flow for orbital vascular malformations with high sensitivity to slow flow.
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