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Also, the collagen fibers showed coarse and bamboo-like changes. selleck chemicals In group A, amniotic membranes began to dissolve 4 weeks after conjunctiva transplantation, and all amniotic membranes were dissolved and absorbed 6 weeks after conjunctiva transplantation. In group B, some amniotic membrane tissues were still visible 6 weeks after conjunctiva transplantation.This study suggested that after amniotic membrane cross-linking, the brittleness was increased, the hardness was enhanced, and the morphology of the collagen fiber was changed. The cross-linked amniotic membrane showed resistance to tissue dissolution.Objective We plan to review all published systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) of exercise or sport activities for patients with cancer. The aim of this study is to combine and reanalyze related data and to provide more comprehensive and higher-level evidence. Methods We plan to search four English databases and four Chinese databases from inception to June 2019. Patients who were treated by all of exercise or sport activities such as running, gymnastics, taichi, and qigong, will be included. The following information will be extracted from each included SR first author, year of publication, country of origin, number of primary study; the number of patients enrolled, participant characteristics, duration of cancer diagnosis, cancer types. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) and A Measurements Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2) will be used to assess the reporting and methodological quality of SRs/MAs. The characteristics of included SRs/MAs and their quality will be descriptively summarized using systematically structured tables. The network MA approach and narrative synthesis will be used to examine data when applicable. Odds ratio and (standardized) mean difference with their 95% confidence intervals will be used as summary statistics. Stata 13.0 software will be used to analyze and pool data. Results The results of the overview will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication. Ethics and dissemination The study is not a clinical study, and we will search and evaluate existing sources of literature. So, ethical approval is not required.Introduction China is facing more and more enormous challenges including aging, the increase of social security costs and health care cost, decrease of labors, and how to keep elders' capacity to function well and live independently. Healthy aging has become an extremely challenging issue. Frailty, a geriatric syndrome resulted from the declines of multiple physiological systems, characterized by malnutrition, exercise intolerance, dependence, longer bed rest, lower gaits peed, weakness, weight loss, anorexia, hip fracture, risk of falling, delirium, dementia, and keep indoors, has become one of the biggest challenges in facilitating healthy aging. Because the research of frailty just had started in recent years in China, the evidence regarding the prevalence of frailty among the Chinese population is scarce and just limited in certain area. Method We will systematically search 7 electronic database including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of science, MEDLINE, CNKI (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure), and CBM (Chinese Biological Medical Database) to identify studies that provide or potential available of data regarding to prevalence of frailty. Risk of bias of individual study will be assessed using 8-iterm critical appraisal criteria for prevalence or incidence studies. Data will be analyzed using STATA V.12.0 software. Conclusions Our systematic review and meta-analysis will firstly pool the results from available studies to provide a comprehensive evidence for the prevalence of frailty. The results of this study will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.Objective To evaluate whether conventional postoperative drainage is more effective than not providing drainage in patients with non-complicated benign gallbladder disease following laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods A search of the electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of science, Cochrane Library, and Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) was conducted for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting outcomes of LC surgery with and without an abdominal drain. Results Twenty-one RCTs involving 3246 patients (1666 with drains vs 1580 without) were included in the meta-analysis. There were no statistically significant differences in the rates of incidence of intra-abdominal fluid (RR 1.10; 95% CI 0.81-1.49; P = .54) or post-surgical mortality (RR 0.44; 95% CI 0.04-4.72; P = .50) between the two groups. Abdominal drains did not reduce the overall incidence of nausea and vomiting (RR 1.16; 95% CI 0.95-1.42; P = .15) or shoulder tip pain (RR 1.03; 95% CI 0.76-1.38; P = .86). The abdominal drain group displayed significantly higher pain scores (MD 1.07; 95% CI 0.69-1.46; P less then .001) than the non-drainage patients. Abdominal drains prolonged the duration of the surgical procedure (MD 5.69 min; 95% CI 2.51-8.87; P = .005) and postoperative hospital stay (MD 0.47 day; 95% CI 0.14-0.80; P = .005). Wound infection was found to be associated with the use of abdominal drains (RR 1.97; 95% CI 1.11-3.47; P = .02). Conclusions Currently, there is no evidence to support the use of routine drainage after LC in non-complicated benign gallbladder disease. Further well-designed randomized clinical trials are required to confirm this finding.Rationale Although intraocular lens (IOL) dislocations have been reported after uneventful cataract surgeries, no sequential changes have ever been demonstrated. Our case showed the sequential changes to IOL dislocation caused by vigorous ocular massage. Patient concerns A 42-year-old man complained of blurred vision in the left eye 8 years after uneventful phacoemulsification. The IOL was still well-centered, but curvilinear tears of the anterior and posterior capsule along the optic border of IOL and vitreous herniation were noted. In the following month, the IOL subluxated inferiorly. A careful history taking revealed a recent habit of vigorous ocular massage. The subluxation was stable for 2 years after avoiding ocular massage, but dislocation into vitreous occurred after taking a spring water bath (spa) bath with massage. Diagnosis IOL dislocation. Interventions Pars plana vitrectomy to remove the dislocated IOL and implantation of a 3-piece IOL into sulcus were performed. Outcomes The IOL was well-centered.
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