Notes

Do predators keep victim healthy or get them to more sick? Any meta-analysis.
Circulatory half-life was similar to mouse/human TNF and BBB permeabilisation was induced selectively at sites of micrometastases in vivo, with a time window of ≥24h and enabling delivery of agents within a therapeutically-relevant range (0.5-150kDa), including the clinically approved therapy, trastuzumab.

We have developed a clinically-translatable mutTNF that selectively opens the BBB at micrometastatic sites, whilst leaving the rest of the cerebrovasculature intact. LF3 This approach will open a window for brain metastasis treatment that currently does not exist.
We have developed a clinically-translatable mutTNF that selectively opens the BBB at micrometastatic sites, whilst leaving the rest of the cerebrovasculature intact. This approach will open a window for brain metastasis treatment that currently does not exist.
Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) outcomes are affected by numerous variables including the clinical conversation. When good therapeutic/working alliances are formed, congruent clinical conversations can lead to improved CMP outcomes. Identifying patient/provider attitudes, beliefs, and biases in CMP that can influence the clinical conversation, and thus clinical management decisions, is foundationally important.

The aims of this systematic review were to 1) summarize the evidence of the attitudes and beliefs of patients and healthcare providers (HCPs) involved in the clinical conversation of CMP; 2) examine if/how these perceptions impacted the process of care.

A systematic search of CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, Sociology Database in ProQuest, and Web of Science used PRISMA guidelines. Included studies vulnerable adult populations with chronic pain. Study bias was examined using the Downs and Black tool.

Seven retrospective studies were included. HCPs demonstrated negative implicit biases toward minorititable care and the recalcitrant nature of CMP, particularly in vulnerable populations with limited healthcare choices.
Transgender adolescents use vape products (e.g., e-cigarettes) at higher rates than cisgender adolescents. Little is known about how these disparities differ from the intersectional perspective of both gender identity and race/ethnicity.

We examined disparities in past 30-day vaping frequency at the intersection of gender identity and race/ethnicity among adolescents participating in two pooled waves of the population-based California Healthy Kids Survey (N=953,445; 2017-19). Generalized linear mixed models included gender identity-by-race/ethnicity interactions and adjusted for potential confounders. Stratified models quantified relationships between gender identity and vaping within race/ethnicity strata and between race/ethnicity and vaping within gender identity strata.

Transgender adolescents of color were more likely to report a higher frequency of vaping than cisgender white adolescents. In models stratified by race/ethnicity, transgender adolescents evidenced greater odds of more frequent vapingnt vaping may differ by both gender identity and race/ethnicity-information needed to inform culturally-tailored prevention and control initiatives to decrease adolescent vaping disparities. Our analysis of data from a population-based adolescent health survey finds evidence of magnified disparities in vaping frequency among transgender adolescents of color.
Research finds that transgender adolescents use vape products at higher rates than their cisgender peers, however, little is known about how patterns of adolescent vaping may differ by both gender identity and race/ethnicity-information needed to inform culturally-tailored prevention and control initiatives to decrease adolescent vaping disparities. Our analysis of data from a population-based adolescent health survey finds evidence of magnified disparities in vaping frequency among transgender adolescents of color.Type 2 diabetes is associated with elevated levels of DNA damage, in particular micronuclei (MNi) which are formed by acentric chromosome fragments caused by double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs), or whole chromosomes which fail to segregate during mitosis. We investigated if methylglyoxal (MGO), a reactive dicarbonyl known to be elevated in type 2 diabetes is capable of increasing chromosomal instability and DNA damage as measured by the cytokinesis block micronucleus cytome (CBMNcyt) assay in B-lymphoblastoid WIL2-NS cells and primary peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). We also investigated the level of various dicarbonyl stress biomarkers, including extracellular and intracellular MGO, protein and MGO modifications of DNA. WIL2-NS cells exposed to either MGO or a glyoxalase 1 inhibitor showed increases in MNi and nuclear buds, which were associated with an increase in intracellular MGO. DNA damage in the form of MNi and nucleoplasmic bridges were observed in primary PBL exposed to 10 µM MGO, suggesting low concentrations of MGO may be genotoxic. Furthermore, we showed, using fluorescent in situ hybridization, that the majority of MNi caused by MGO in WIL2-NS cells were caused by whole chromosome loss events, rather than DSBs. Our data suggest that MGO, a reactive metabolite elevated in type 2 diabetes and other pathologies, can affect genomic integrity by impairing chromosome segregation during mitosis.Root-pathogen interactions are an important factor influencing premature senescence in rice, however, few studies have addressed the underlying mechanism. In this study, when premature senescence significantly occurred in the OsVHA-A1 mutant (loss of tonoplast H +ATPase activity), the relative abundance of rhizospheric bacterial communities were similar between the mutant and its WT while the fungi in the rhizosphere of the OsVHA-A1 mutant significantly differed from the WT. Furthermore, we found that one key fungal strain, named Gibberella intermedia, in the rhizospheric soil of the OsVHA-A1 mutant increased largely during the late growing phase, as compared to the WT and G. intermedia was shown to rapidly colonize the root of the OsVHA-A1 mutant resulting in severe ROS accumulation. But, the reverse was true in the case of the WT, indicating a much lower ROS level than those of the mutant when infected by G. intermedia. By using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), we found that sugars in root exudates from the OsVHA-A1 mutant were different from sugars in root exudates from the WT.
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