Notes

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In the contact type capacitive liquid level sensors, when an electrode with the insulating film is immersed in polar/ionic medium, it shows constant phase behavior at metal-insulator interface due to the formation of the double layer. This double layer effect is frequently modeled by a pure capacitor but its capacitance value depends on signal frequency. Therefore, when such a sensor is excited by sinusoidal ac, the conducting liquid level measurement suffers from the error due to the fluctuation of input signal frequency. This is because the excitation frequency applied from the source meter may fluctuate. This important issue is rarely discussed for the capacitive level sensors. In addition, the design and realization of the capacitive level sensor require special arrangements for the minimization of parasitic earth capacitance, offset capacitance, and the capacitances due to leads and contact electrodes. In this paper, we propose a novel constant phase impedance sensor for the measurement of conducting liquid levels in the range of 0-4 cm for the first time. The phase angle of the device changes due to a change in the liquid level. Two important characteristics parameters of the sensor are the constant phase angle for a certain frequency range and the fractional order in the range of 0-1. Some important features of the sensor are significant sensitivity (2.1∘/cm, probe 1) due to small change in conducting liquid, stable output due to fluctuation of input frequency, and the fabrication of the sensor is very simple and inexpensive. The device is finally interfaced to a phase detection circuit to convert the phase angle into a voltage signal.The paper centers on the H∞ finite-time (FT) composite anti-disturbance switching control (ADSC) issue for switched systems (SSs) suffered from multiple disturbances, the unavailable modeled disturbance and the available un-modeled disturbance. The aim is to arrive at the multiple disturbance suppression in FT. A switching estimator is firstly constructed to observe the modeled disturbance combined with the unavailable system state. A switching controller and a switching law are then co-established to restrain the multiple disturbances in the SSs. A condition is attained to ensure that the H∞ FT composite ADSC issue for the SSs is solvable, even the issue is not solvable for subsystems. A verification example is served to text the reasonability of the developed theory.Deep learning has gotten much attention in industrial field, many fault detection methods based on deep learning have been developed for nonlinear industrial processes. However, most of them do not take the quality-related faults into account. In order to extract the latent variables which can represent the separated quality-related and unrelated information, this paper proposes a novel deep VIB-VAE algorithm, which combines variational autoencoder (VAE) model and deep variational information bottleneck (VIB). Deep VIB extracts quality-related latent variables by maximizing mutual information between latent variables and process quality while minimizing mutual information between latent variables and observation. selleck chemicals llc VAE is used to learn the quality-unrelated part with above quality-related latent variables as auxiliary information. To monitor and distinguish quality-related and quality-unrelated faults, two monitoring statistics are designed by the two-part latent variables. The reconstruction error by VAE is introduced to improve the performance of fault detection. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed deep VIB-VAE algorithm is demonstrated by a numerical case and a real hot strip mill process case, respectively.
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common vertigo of labyrinthine origin, its social and healthcare impact is remarkable. It has recently been shown that single session treatment is as safe and effective as weekly treatment, which could have impact on direct and indirect costs related to the disease. The objective of this study is to determine whether single session treatment of unilateral posterior canal BPPV canalolithiasis is more efficient than conventional treatment.

A prospective randomized controlled trial was performed in 53 consecutive patients diagnosed with unilateral posterior canal BPPV canalolithiasis previously untreated 26 patients were assigned to single session treatment and 27 patients to weekly treatment. Average and total cost of care, consultation time and the impact in terms of temporary disability and loss of productivity for the company due to patients' medical visits were compared.

Average and total cost of care and loss of productivity for the company due to patients' medical visits were significantly lower in the single session group. Consultation time was also better in this group when travelling time was considered.

The single session protocol is fast, effective and reduces direct and indirect cost of care related to disease justifying high resolution consultations.
The single session protocol is fast, effective and reduces direct and indirect cost of care related to disease justifying high resolution consultations.
Zenker's diverticulum is an uncommon pathology of the upper oesophageal sphincter whose most frequent symptoms are the association of dysphagia and regurgitation. It is more frequent in advanced ages, and its treatment of choice is surgery in symptomatic cases.

A retrospective descriptive study was performed of 27 patients operated in the Otorhinolaryngology service of the Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes between 2007 and 2019 using laser endoscopic surgery.

27 patients were operated, 70.4% male and 29.6% female, with a mean age of 67 years (range between 30 and 91). The most frequent symptom at diagnosis was dysphagia. No intraoperative complications were observed. One patient (3.7%) presented post-surgical fever, and another patient (3.7%) had a serious complication due to oesophageal perforation secondary to postsurgical emesis. The median hospital stay was 5 days, and the median oral intake was 4 days. Recurrence was observed in 6 patients (22.2%), 4 (14.8%) requiring a second intervention, which was performed using the same technique.
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