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Mindset as well as endorsement associated with Covid-19 vaccine among dental and medical fraternity - the set of questions questionnaire.
Methods A systematic search in the literature was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, as well as Google Scholar pre-print database using all available MeSH terms for COVID-19, Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, senescent cell, cytokine storm, inflame-aging, ACE2 receptor, autophagy, and Vitamin D. Electronic database searches combined and duplicates were removed. Results The aim of the present review was to summarize experimental data and clinical observations that linked the pathophysiology mechanisms of "inflamm-aging", mild-grade inflammation, and cytokine storm in some elderly adults with severe COVID-19 infection.Objectives Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic inflammatory disease of nasal mucosa. Loss of function of Th17 cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells plays a role in the pathogenesis of AR. IL18, FOXP3, and IL13 are key genes in the development of AR. However, the genetic associations between IL18, FOXP3 and IL13 genes polymorphisms and AR risk were inconclusive yet. Methods A meta-analysis was performed by searching through Pubmed, EMBASE, web of science and CNKI databases. The ORs and 95%CIs were used to assess the genetic association between the allelic, dominant and recessive models of IL18, FOXP3 and IL13 genes polymorphisms and AR risk. Results A total of 15 articles (6 for FOXP3, 5 for IL18, and 5 for IL13) were enrolled in the present study. No association was detected between the IL18 rs187238, rs1946518, rs360721, FOXP3 rs2232365, rs3761548 and IL13 rs1800925 polymorphisms and AR risk (p > 0.05). Significant associations were observed between the allelic (p = 0.001, OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.12-1.56), dominant (p = 0.005, OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.11-1.83) and recessive models (p = 0.01, OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.13, 2.40) of IL13 rs20541 and AR risk. Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity revealed that the IL13 rs20541 was significantly associated with AR risk in Asian population (allelic model p = 0.009, OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.13-1.63, dominant model p = 0.005, OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.11-1.83; recessive model p = 0.01, OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.13-2.40). Conclusions IL13 rs20541 may contribute to the risk of AR in Asian population. To confirm these results, larger number of case-control study with more subjects is necessary in the future.The novel deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) were designed and synthesized by cell protective components, in which the compounds were derived from natural alternative sources. The performances of designed DESs/NADESs as co-solvent were investigated in asymmetric reduction catalyzed by microbial cells. The DESs/NADESs synthesized by three different types of hydrogen bond receptor (betaine, L-proline and L-carnitine) conferred an advantage over conventional choline chloride-based DESs/NADESs and aqueous buffer system, with regard to efficient bioproduction of (R)-1-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanol by recombinant Escherichia coli cells. TEM images exhibited that the cell membrane integrity during exposure to the developed NADESs was better than that after treatment with choline chloride-based NADES, which accounted for enhanced catalytic efficiency. This bioprocess was also feasible at 500 mL preparation scale with 92.4% yield under 400 mM substrate loading. To broaden the applicability of three types of DES/NADESs that increased catalytic efficiency in the process of E. coli-mediated reduction, the production of various chiral alcohols in developed reaction media were further examined, with some positive results. It was also found that lysine-based NADES could even reverse the enantioselectivity of biocatalyst at high water content in the reaction medium. These findings may aid in the development of novel DESs/NADESs for biocatalysis.Introduction Anesthesia-related activities contribute to operating room waste impacting climate change. The aim of this study was to ascertain 1) the current existence and scope of department and education programs concerned with anesthesia "green" practice; and 2) perceived barriers to environmental sustainability efforts among Canadian anesthesia department chiefs and residency program directors. Methods Association of Canadian University Departments of Anesthesia-affiliated anesthesiology department chiefs (n = 113) were invited to complete an online survey ascertaining current efforts in, and barriers to, environmentally sustainable anesthesia practice. Similarly, Canadian anesthesiology residency program directors (n = 17) were invited to complete an online survey delineating current educational programs on environmental sustainability and identifying interest in, and barriers to, developing a Canada-wide curriculum. check details Results The response rates for department chiefs and program directors were 23% (26/113)entifies potential opportunities to develop cross-Canada collaborative educational programs in this field.Oral diseases are biofilm-mediated diseases caused by imbalances in the ecology of resident microflora. Among them, dental caries (tooth decay) is considered the most common disease worldwide, and toothbrushing, which physically eliminates the oral biofilm, is the most widespread prevention strategy. Although it is well established that fluoride increases enamel resistance to acidic pH and promotes tooth remineralization, its effect on the biofilm bacterial communities' composition and metabolism is not fully understood. We have grown in vitro oral biofilms and used 16S rRNA Illumina sequencing to study the effect of fluoride on DNA- and RNA-based bacterial populations. In addition, a metatranscriptomic approach has also been performed, in which total RNA has been sequenced to study gene expression profiles in the presence/absence of 500 ppm sodium fluoride. Our data show a lower pH drop and a clear shift in total and metabolically active bacterial composition after fluoride exposure. Streptococcus oralis was the species most affected, with a 10-fold reduction in both DNA and RNA samples, whereas Rothia mucilaginosa underwent an 8-fold increase in the DNA and S. salivarius a 4- and 5-fold increase in the RNA and DNA samples, respectively. The metatranscriptomes indicated that fluoride exposure induced a dramatic shutdown of sugar metabolism, including significant under-expression of different sugar transporters, fucosidases, and a pyruvate oxidase, among others. The reduction in saccharolytic organisms and the inhibition of sugar fermentation pathways by fluoride may therefore be considered instrumental for the beneficial effect of fluoride-containing oral hygiene products.
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