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The structure as well as Reason of the Multicentre Randomised Manipulated Trial Comparing Transperineal Percutaneous Laser beam Ablation Together with Transurethral Resection of the Prostate gland for Treating Harmless Prostatic Hyperplasia.
Arterial hypertension is a risk factor for various cardiovascular and renal diseases, representing a major public health challenge. Although a wide range of treatment options are available for blood pressure control, many hypertensive individuals remain with uncontrolled hypertension. Thus, the search for new substances with antihypertensive potential becomes necessary. Coumarins, a group of polyphenolic compounds derived from plants, have attracted intense interest due to their diverse pharmacological properties, like potent antihypertensive activities. Braylin (6-methoxyseselin) is a coumarin identified in the Zanthoxylum tingoassuiba species, described as a phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor. Although different coumarin compounds have been described as potent antihypertensive agents, the activity of braylin on the cardiovascular system has yet to be investigated. To investigate the vasorelaxation properties of braylin and its possible mechanisms of action, we performed in vitro studies using superior mesenteric arteries and the iliac arteries isolated from rats. In this study, we demonstrated, for the first time, that braylin induces potent vasorelaxation, involving distinct mechanisms from two different arteries, isolated from rats. A possible inhibition of phosphodiesterase, altering the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) pathway, may be correlated with the biological action of braylin in the mesenteric vessel, while in the iliac artery, the biological action of braylin may be correlated with increase of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), followed by BKCa, Kir, and Kv channel activation. Together, these results provide evidence that braylin can represent a potential therapeutic use in preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases.Protection against cholestasis and its consequences are considered an essential issue to improve the quality of a patient's life and reduce the number of death every year from liver diseases. Lycopene, a natural carotenoid, has antioxidant scavenger capacity and inhibits inflammation in many experimental models. The present study aimed to elucidate the potential protective effects of lycopene, in comparison to silymarin, in a rat model of cholestatic liver. Animals were daily injected with 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE; 5 mg/kg) for 18 successive days. Silymarin (100 mg/kg) and lycopene (10 mg/kg) were orally administered once per day through the experimental period. Lycopene significantly decreased the EE-induced rise in the serum levels of total bile acid and total bilirubin as well as the activities of alanine aminotransaminase, aspartate aminotransaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyl transaminase. Moreover, lycopene reduced the hepatic levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and tumor necrosis factor-α as well as the hepatic activity of myeloperoxidase that were markedly elevated by EE. Lycopene increased the hepatic levels of total protein and albumin and reduced glutathione. In addition, lycopene improved the hepatic histopathological changes induced by EE. These protective effects of lycopene were comparable to that of silymarin. In conclusion, lycopene was effective in protecting against estrogen-induced cholestatic liver injury through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. OGL002 Therefore, lycopene might be a potentially effective drug for protection against cholestasis in susceptible women during pregnancy, administration of oral contraceptives, or postmenopausal replacement therapy.Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). One risk factor for AKI is periprocedural hemoglobin drop level (> 3 g/dL); however, whether the relationship between hemoglobin drop and AKI is linear or nonlinear remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the relationship between periprocedural hemoglobin drop and AKI after PCI. We evaluated 14,273 consecutive patients undergoing PCI between September 2008 and March 2019. AKI was defined as an absolute or a relative increase in serum creatinine level of 0.3 mg/dL or 50%, respectively. Restricted cubic spline was constructed to assess the association between hemoglobin drop and AKI by logistic regression and machine learning (ML) models, which were used to predict the risk of AKI. The patients' mean age was 68.4 ± 11.6 years; the AKI incidence was 10.5% (N = 1499). An absolute > 3 g/dL or 20% relative decrease in hemoglobin level was an independent predictor of AKI incidence (odds ratio, OR [95% confidence interval, CI] 2.24 [1.92-2.61], P  less then  0.001; 2.35 [2.04-2.71], P  less then  0.001, respectively). An adjusted restricted cubic spline demonstrated that absolute/relative decrease in hemoglobin was linearly associated with AKI. Logistic and ML models with absolute/relative hemoglobin changes were comparable while estimating the risk of AKI (absolute area under the curve [AUC] (logistic)0.826, AUC (ML) 0.820; relative AUC (logistic) 0.818, AUC (ML) 0.816). An absolute/relative decrease in periprocedural hemoglobin after PCI was linearly associated with AKI. Detection of a relative/absolute decrease in hemoglobin may help clinicians identify individuals as high risk for AKI after PCI.Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease. Although gastrointestinal (GI) involvement is reported in the literature, GI manifestations of lupus are not common in the early disease course. GI symptoms can be related to several factors other than lupus; however, systemic lupus per se can be the responsible factor. Although the typical presentation is a gradual onset of progressive symptoms, acute abdominal pain is frequently reported and is the most serious presentation. It can reflect gastroenteritis, cholecystitis, hepatitis, pancreatitis, peritonitis, and abdominal vasculitis. When SLE diagnostic criteria for GI manifestations are lacking, the decision to implicate lupus as the cause of these manifestations is difficult, especially in the primary presentation. Early diagnosis and the initiation of immunosuppressive agents are associated with a better outcome. In this case, we introduce a patient who presented with acute abdominal pain secondary to acute liver failure as the first manifestation of lupus.
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