Notes

Regulating beta-amyloid generation in nerves by simply astrocyte-derived cholesterol levels.
44, 95% CI 0.05-2.83, p = 0.042). Neither the HSB nor the LSB patients showed significant changes in IFN activity at 24 weeks. There were no significant differences in ESSPRI in the PDF (n = 39) and DDF (n = 22) patients taking HCQ. However, significant reductions in overall IFN score at 24 weeks were seen in both PDF (difference at 24 weeks; 6.41, 95% CI, 2.48-10.34, p = 0.002) and DDF (difference at 24 weeks; 7.23, 95% CI, 1.85-12.6, p = 0.009) without improvement in ESSPRI. Although the JOQUER trial reported no overall benefit from HCQ in pSS patients, stratification suggests that both HSB and LSB subgroups may respond to HCQ. However, these patients may benefit through mechanisms other than the reduction of IFN activities.Calcinosis cutis is a deposition of calcium in the skin and subcutaneous tissue, often accompanied by pain, reduced mobility, and chronic infections. Limited evidence is available about the feasibility and efficacy of therapies alternative to systemic treatment and surgical excision, both of which often lead to unsatisfactory results or complications. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical and intralesional sodium thiosulfate, extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL), and laser for calcinosis cutis. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched. Reports of calciphylaxis and treatment combined with systemic medications were excluded. A total of 40 studies including 136 patients were analysed. Partial or complete remission after monotherapy was observed in 64% to 81% of cases. Self-applied topical sodium thiosulfate required patient's adherence (mean treatment duration, 4.9 months; range 2-24). Laser therapy enabled complete remission of microcalcifications after a single procedure (57%; 12/21). ESWL and intralesional sodium thiosulfate injections decreased calcinosis-associated pain (median reduction in VAS score, 3; range 0-9 and 1; range 0-5, respectively). The most common adverse event was scarring and hyperkeratosis, observed after CO2 laser (56%; 10/18). Intralesional sodium thiosulfate injections caused transient pain in over 11% of patients. Recurrences within the follow-up were rare (2%; 3/136). This study provides an overview of minimally invasive and local therapies that in selected cases might transcend conventional treatment. The limitation of this study is the poor level of evidence, which emerges mainly from non-randomized studies at high risk of bias.
To test radiomics for prognostication of intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma (IMCC) and to develop a comprehensive risk model.

Histologically proven IMCC (representing the full range of stages) were retrospectively analyzed by volume segmentation on baseline hepatic venous phase computed tomography (CT), by two readers with different experience (R1 and R2). Morphological CT features included tumor size, hepatic satellite lesions, lymph node and distant metastases. Radiomic features (RF) were compared across CT protocols and readers. Univariate analysis against overall survival (OS) warranted ranking and selection of RF into radiomic signature (RSign), which was dichotomized into high and low-risk strata (RSign*). Models without and with RSign* (Model 1 and 2, respectively) were compared.

Among 78 patients (median follow-up 262days, IQR 73-957), 62/78 (79%) died during the study period, 46/78 (59%) died within 1year. Up to 10% RF showed variability across CT protocols; 37/108 (34%) RF showed variability due to manual segmentation. RSign stratified OS (univariate HR 1.37 for R1, HR 1.28 for R2), RSign* was different between readers (R1 0.39; R2 0.57). Model 1 showed AUC 0.71, which increased in Model 2 AUC 0.81 (p < 0.001) and AIC 89 for R1, AUC 0.81 (p = 0.001) and AIC 90.2 for R2.

The use of RF into a unified RSign score stratified OS in patients with IMCC. Dichotomized RSign* classified survival strata, its inclusion in risk models showed adjunct yield. b-AP15 inhibitor The cut-off value of RSign* was different between readers, suggesting that the use of reference values is hampered by interobserver variability.
The use of RF into a unified RSign score stratified OS in patients with IMCC. Dichotomized RSign* classified survival strata, its inclusion in risk models showed adjunct yield. The cut-off value of RSign* was different between readers, suggesting that the use of reference values is hampered by interobserver variability.
In this study, a novel aluminium-[
F]fluoride (Al
F)-labelled 1,4,7‑triazacyclononane-N,N',N″-triacetic acid (NOTA)-conjugated fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) probe, named Al
F-NOTA-FAPI, was developed for fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-targeted tumour imaging; it could deliver hundreds of millicuries of radioactivity using automated synthesis. The tumour detection efficacy of Al
F-NOTA-FAPI was further validated in both preclinical and clinical translational studies.

The radiolabelling procedure of Al
F-NOTA-FAPI was optimized. Cell uptake and competitive binding assays were completed with the U87MG and A549 cell lines to evaluate the affinity and specificity of the Al
F-NOTA-FAPI probe. The biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, radiation dosimetry and tumour imaging efficacy of the Al
F-NOTA-FAPI probe were researched in healthy Kunming (KM) and/or U87MG model mice. After the approval of the ethical committee, the Al
F-NOTA-FAPI probe was translated into the clinic for PET/CT imwas successfully fabricated and applied in fibroblast activation protein-targeted tumour PET/CT imaging, which showed excellent imaging quality and tumour detection efficacy in U87MG tumour-bearing mice as well as in cancer patients.

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000038080. Registered 09 September 2020. http//www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=61192.
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000038080. Registered 09 September 2020. http//www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=61192.The use of acoustic attractants may have the potential to guide native migratory species towards safe passage. Flower fish Ptychobarbus kaznakovi, a short-distance migratory fish whose population is in decline in the past decades, was exposed to three acoustic stimuli (feeding sound, ambient riverine noise and the pure tone 1000 Hz) to examine the phonotaxic responses using playbacks approaches in a fibreglass tank. The results showed that the flower fish showed significantly greater positive phonotaxis and swam towards the sound sources significantly faster in response to the feeding sounds than to ambient riverine noise and the pure tone during the 5-min exposure. Distribution experiments were conducted to study the preference of flower fish to the three sounds stimuli. The results showed that the experimental fish in feeding sound trials spent significant more time in areas closer to the sound sources than that in the pure tone and the ambient riverine noise trials, respectively. This study indicates that the feeding sounds may serve as potential acoustic attractants to guide flower fish to safe passage routes.
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