Notes

Aspherical Lens Layout Using Hereditary Formula with regard to Lowering Aberrations in Multifocal Synthetic Intraocular Lens.
ially less costly to beneficiaries and society than private coverage, with mixed results on health care quality.
Occult peritoneal metastasis frequently occurs in patients with advanced gastric cancer and is poorly diagnosed with currently available tools. Because the presence of peritoneal metastasis precludes the possibility of curative surgery, there is an unmet need for a noninvasive approach to reliably identify patients with occult peritoneal metastasis.

To assess the use of a deep learning model for predicting occult peritoneal metastasis based on preoperative computed tomography images.

In this multicenter, retrospective cohort study, a deep convolutional neural network, the Peritoneal Metastasis Network (PMetNet), was trained to predict occult peritoneal metastasis based on preoperative computed tomography images. Data from a cohort of 1225 patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgery at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (Guangzhou, China) were used for training purposes. To externally validate the model, data were collected from 2 independent cohorts comprising a total of 753 patients with gastrormance of PMetNet was substantially higher than conventional clinicopathological factors (AUC range, 0.51-0.63). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, PMetNet was an independent predictor of occult peritoneal metastasis.

The findings of this cohort study suggest that the PMetNet model can serve as a reliable noninvasive tool for early identification of patients with clinically occult peritoneal metastasis, which will inform individualized preoperative treatment decision-making and may avoid unnecessary surgery and complications. These results warrant further validation in prospective studies.
The findings of this cohort study suggest that the PMetNet model can serve as a reliable noninvasive tool for early identification of patients with clinically occult peritoneal metastasis, which will inform individualized preoperative treatment decision-making and may avoid unnecessary surgery and complications. These results warrant further validation in prospective studies.
Functional neuroimaging is a valuable tool for understanding how patients with chronic pain respond to painful stimuli. However, past studies have reported heterogenous results, highlighting opportunities for a quantitative meta-analysis to integrate existing data and delineate consistent associations across studies.

To identify differential brain responses to noxious stimuli in patients with chronic pain using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while adhering to current best practices for neuroimaging meta-analyses.

All fMRI experiments published from January 1, 1990, to May 28, 2019, were identified in a literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and SCOPUS.

Experiments comparing brain responses to noxious stimuli in fMRI between patients and controls were selected if they reported whole-brain results, included at least 10 patients and 10 healthy control participants, and used adequate statistical thresholding (voxel-height P < .001 or clustain meta-analyses did not reveal significant differences between patients and controls in brain responses to noxious stimuli at the preregistered statistical threshold. However, exploratory analyses restricted to the pain network revealed aberrant activity in patients.

In this systematic review and meta-analysis, preregistered, whole-brain analyses did not reveal aberrant fMRI activity in patients with chronic pain. Exploratory analyses suggested that subtle, spatially diffuse differences may exist within the pain network. Future work on chronic pain biomarkers may benefit from focus on this core set of pain-responsive areas.
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, preregistered, whole-brain analyses did not reveal aberrant fMRI activity in patients with chronic pain. find more Exploratory analyses suggested that subtle, spatially diffuse differences may exist within the pain network. Future work on chronic pain biomarkers may benefit from focus on this core set of pain-responsive areas.
Survivors of Ebola virus disease (EVD) may experience ocular sequelae. Comparison with antibody-negative individuals from the local population is required to characterize the disease.

To assess features of ophthalmic disease specific to EVD.

This baseline cross-sectional analysis of survivors of EVD and their close contacts was conducted within PREVAIL III, a 5-year, longitudinal cohort study. Participants who enrolled at John F. Kennedy Medical Center in Liberia, West Africa from June 2015 to March 2016 were included in this analysis. Close contacts were defined as household members or sex partners of survivors of EVD. Data were analyzed from July 2016 to July 2020.

All participants, both survivors and close contacts, underwent testing of IgG antibody levels against Ebola virus surface glycoprotein.

Ocular symptoms, anterior and posterior ophthalmologic examination findings, and optical coherence tomography images were compared between antibody-positive survivors and antibody-negative close contact coherence tomography (222 vs 212 μm; mean difference, 14.4 μm; 95% CI, 1.9-26.9 μm).

In this cross-sectional study, survivors of EVD had a distinct spectrum of ocular and neuro-ophthalmologic findings compared with close contacts that potentially require medical and surgical treatment.
In this cross-sectional study, survivors of EVD had a distinct spectrum of ocular and neuro-ophthalmologic findings compared with close contacts that potentially require medical and surgical treatment.
The incidence of and mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD) are substantially higher among African American individuals compared with non-Hispanic White individuals, even after adjusting for traditional factors associated with CHD. The unexplained excess risk might be due to genetic factors related to African ancestry that are associated with a higher risk of CHD, such as the heterozygous state for the sickle cell variant or sickle cell trait (SCT).

To evaluate whether there is an association between SCT and the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) or composite CHD outcomes in African American individuals.

This cohort study included 5 large, prospective, population-based cohorts of African American individuals in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) study, the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study, the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), the Jackson Heart Study (JHS), and the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. The follow-up periods included in this study were 1993 and 1998 to 2014 for the WHI study, 2003 to 2014 for the REGARDS study, 2002 to 2016 for the MESA, 2002 to 2015 for the JHS, and 1987 to 2016 for the ARIC study.
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