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was confirmed as a rare specific abnormality.
Morphological features associated with equine EPL were a mismatch between embryonic/fetal size and age, and alterations of the developing neural tissue and localised subcutaneous haemorrhage. Failed neural tube closure was confirmed as a rare specific abnormality.
To validate the feasibility of quantitative combined potassium (
K) and sodium (
Na) MRI in human calf muscle tissue, as well as to evaluate the reproducibility of the apparent tissue potassium concentration (aTPC) and apparent tissue sodium concentration (aTSC) determination in healthy muscle tissue.
Quantitative
Na and
K MRI acquisition protocols were implemented on a 7 T MR system. A double-resonant
Na/
K birdcage RF coil was used. Measurements of human lower leg were performed in a total acquisition time of TA
= 1054 min/TA
= 806 min and using a nominal spatial resolution of 2.5 × 2.5 × 15 mm
/7.5 × 7.5 × 30 mm
for
Na/
K MRI. Two aTSC and aTPC examinations in muscle tissue were performed during the same day on 10 healthy subjects.
The proposed acquisition and postprocessing workflow for
Na and
K MRI data sets provided reproducible aTSC and aTPC measurements. In human calf muscle tissue, the coefficient of variation between scan and re-scan was 5.7% for both aTSC and23 Na and 39 K MRI at 7 T in human skeletal muscle tissue is feasible in clinically acceptable acquisition durations.Throughout the world as health systems are being prepared to deal with the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak which will affect the management of HIV, diabetes, mental health and mainly maternal healthcare systems. As all efforts are focused on understanding the epidemiology, clinical features, transmission patterns, and management of the COVID-19 outbreak, there has been very little concern expressed over the effects on maternal health services. It is highly likely that the present situation may exacerbate maternal mortality in suburban and rural areas. The present situation requires governments and NGOs to make necessary arrangements to support people with prenatal and postnatal care.
To examine associations between tau and amyloid β (Aβ) molecular positron emission tomography (PET) and both Alzheimer-related pathology and 4-repeat tau pathology in autopsy-confirmed frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD).
Twenty-four patients had [
F]-flortaucipir-PET and died with FTLD (progressive supranuclear palsy [PSP], n = 10; corticobasal degeneration [CBD], n = 10; FTLD-TDP, n = 3; and Pick disease, n = 1). All but 1 had Pittsburgh compound B (PiB)-PET. Braak staging, Aβ plaque and neurofibrillary tangle counts, and semiquantitative tau lesion scores were performed. Flortaucipir standard uptake value ratios (SUVRs) were calculated in a temporal meta region of interest (meta-ROI), entorhinal cortex and cortical/subcortical regions selected to match the tau lesion analysis. Global PiB SUVR was calculated. PFI-3 ic50 Autoradiography was performed in 1 PSP patient, with digital pathology used to quantify tau burden.
Nine cases (37.5%) had Aβ plaques. Global PiB SUVR correlated with Aβ plaque count, withology in FTLD. Regional flortaucipir uptake was able to separate CBD and PSP. ANN NEUROL 2020;881009-1022.
To examine the association between meat consumption and earlier age of menarche among schoolgirls in Shanghai.
The study randomly selected 1981 schoolgirls aged 6-18years in Shanghai using a two-stage random sampling design. Information on meat intake was collected using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Menarche age, household income, physical activity and other covariates were obtained by standardised questionnaires. Logistic regression was used to analyse the association between intake of meat and earlier age of menarche. Earlier age of menarche was defined as first menstruation before 12years of age.
Among the 986 girls who had experienced menarche, 518/986 (52.5%) had earlier age of menarche. After adjusting for body mass index, age, physical activity, sleep, household income and parental education, consumption of poultry was positively associated with risk of earlier age of menarche (P-trend=.03). Girls who never consumed poultry had a lower risk of earlier age of menarche (odds ratio [OR] 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.39-0.96). Neither the consumption of pork, beef, lamb, processed meat nor total meat consumption was associated with menarche age.
Higher consumption of poultry was associated with an earlier age at menarche.
Higher consumption of poultry was associated with an earlier age at menarche.Fatigue-related mechanisms induced by low-intensity prolonged contraction in lower limb muscles are currently unknown. This study investigated central fatigue kinetics in the knee extensors during a low-intensity sustained isometric contraction. Eleven subjects sustained a 10% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) until task failure (TF) with neuromuscular evaluation every 3 minutes. Testing encompassed transcranial magnetic stimulation to evaluate maximal voluntary activation (VATMS ), motor evoked potential (MEP), and silent period (SP), and peripheral nerve stimulation to assess M-wave. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was also recorded. MVC progressively decreased up to 50% of the time to TF (ie, 50%TTF ) and then plateaued, reaching ~50% at TF (P less then .001). VATMS progressively decreased up to 90%TTF and then plateaued, the decrease reaching ~20% at TF (P less then .001). SP was lengthened early (ie, from 20%TTF ) during the exercise and then plateaued (P less then .01). No changes were reported for MEP evoked during MVC (P = .87), while MEP evoked during submaximal contractions decreased early (ie, from 20%TTF ) during the exercise and then plateaued (P less then .01). RPE increased linearly during the exercise to be almost maximal at TF. M-waves were not altered (P = .88). These findings confirm that TF is due to the subjects reaching their maximal perceived effort rather than any particular central event or neuromuscular limitations since MVC at TF was far from 10% of its original value. It is suggested that strategies minimizing RPE (eg, motivational self-talk) should be employed to enhance endurance performance.
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