Notes

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sured whether parents used ImPACT teaching strategies and whether children used the skills that ImPACT targets. We also measured children's later language ability and social communication skills. The results confirmed our predictions that parents' use of ImPACT strategies improves language ability by improving children's motor imitation and communication skills. Use of ImPACT also had a positive effect on children's language delay and ASD symptoms, supporting the clinical value of the findings. The study's methodological strengths make this one of the most rigorous tests of ImPACT and supports one way to manage the risk of language delay and ASD in younger siblings of children with ASD.
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is considered an attractive imaging technique to evaluate tumor microcirculation. However, the validity of CEUS for assessing laryngeal carcinoma is unclear.

To compare the performance of CEUS with conventional US and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) in the diagnosis and preoperative T-staging of laryngeal carcinoma.

Forty-one consecutive patients with laryngeal carcinoma underwent conventional high-frequency US, CEUS, and CECT before surgery. The CEUS characteristics of laryngeal carcinoma were recorded. The imaging findings of CEUS and conventional US were compared with CECT findings and the postoperative pathological examination.

CEUS showed hyperenhancement in 38 cases and isoenhancement in three cases. compound 3i Homogeneous distribution of contrast agent was found in 20 cases and heterogeneous distribution in 21 cases, of which 16 cases showed local perfusion defects. In the enhanced phase, rapid entry was observed in 37 cases, synchronous entry was observed in two cases, and slow entry was observed in two cases. Rapid exit was observed in 25 cases and slow exit was observed in 16 cases. The pretherapeutic T-staging accuracy was not significantly different between conventional US, CEUS, and CECT (
 ≥ 0.500). A high sensitivity and specificity were achieved by CEUS in the evaluation of involvement of thyroid cartilage.

Compared with conventional US and CECT, CEUS has a reliable initial T-staging accuracy and diagnostic properties for detecting laryngeal cartilage invasion.
Compared with conventional US and CECT, CEUS has a reliable initial T-staging accuracy and diagnostic properties for detecting laryngeal cartilage invasion.
While removing urinary tract foreign bodies is mostly performed through retrograde cystoscopy, antegrade removal using interventional procedures is reported less frequently.

To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous antegrade removal of urinary tract foreign bodies.

A total of 14 consecutive patients (age range 9-80 years) who percutaneous antegrade removal of urinary tract foreign bodies between January 2001 and March 2020 were reviewed. Detailed removal procedures and complications were reviewed retrospectively.

Types of foreign bodies were sheared percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) catheters (n = 5), sheared double J stents (n = 3), migrated ureteral catheters (n = 3), embolization coils (n = 2), and a 0.018-inch guide wire (n = 1). The mean and median indwelling times (range 0-306 days) of the foreign bodies were 58.3 and 1.5 days, respectively. Computed tomography (CT) scans were conducted in six patients, and the extent and nature of the foreign bodies were well-visualized on CT scans. The removal access was new PCN access (n = 8), the tract missing PCN catheter (n = 3), pre-existing PCN access (n = 2), and percutaneous dissection (n = 1). The removal success rate was 92.9% (13/14) with either a simple (n = 8) or modified (n = 4; combination of a snare and guide wire is used) snare technique or a direct forceps grasp (n = 1). The mean procedure time for successful cases was 14.2 min (range 7-25 min). Procedure-related hematoma with (n = 2) or without (n = 1) renal pelvis injury occurred in three patients, which were all self-limited within one week.

Percutaneous antegrade removal is safe and effective for urinary tract foreign bodies.
Percutaneous antegrade removal is safe and effective for urinary tract foreign bodies.
Previous studies reported that single vascular atherosclerosis was an effective indicator for white matter lesions (WMLs).

To investigate the added value of femoral atherosclerosis for determining severity of WMLs by carotid atherosclerosis using three-dimensional vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Elderly individuals without cardiovascular symptoms within the previous six months were recruited. The plaque features of carotid and femoral arteries were evaluated and compared between individuals with WML score ≤ 3 and those with WML score > 3. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were used to determine the value of plaque features in discriminating WMLs with score > 3.

In total, 112 individuals (49 men, mean age 72.0±5.6 years) were included. Participants with a WML score > 3 showed a significantly greater carotid wall area and femoral artery stenosis and higher incidence of carotid calcification and femoral artery calcification and lipid-rich necrotic cores (LRNC) compared to those with a WML score ≤ 3 (all
 < 0.05). Carotid artery calcification and femoral artery calcification, LRNC, and stenosis were found to be significantly associated with severe WMLs before and after adjustment for clinical factors (odds ratio 1.51-3.79, all
 < 0.05). ROC analysis showed, in discriminating severe WMLs, the area under the curve increased from 0.615 to 0.754 after combining femoral artery LRNC and stenosis with carotid calcification compared to the carotid calcification alone.

Characteristics of femoral artery atherosclerosis determined by vessel wall MRI have added value for carotid atherosclerosis in determining the severity of WMLs.
Characteristics of femoral artery atherosclerosis determined by vessel wall MRI have added value for carotid atherosclerosis in determining the severity of WMLs.
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