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The actual Cell-Permeable Kind of the Immunoregulatory Metabolite Itaconate, 4-Octyl Itaconate, Can be Anti-Fibrotic inside Endemic Sclerosis.
CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that sexual disorders and the level of sexual satisfaction correlate significantly with QOL in patients with MS. Sexual dysfunctions are a significant problem in women with MS; thus, they should be considered with comprehensive care. Kołtuniuk A, Przestrzelska M, Karnas A, et al. The Association Between Sexual Disorders and the Quality of Life of Woman Patients With Multiple Sclerosis Findings of a Prospective, Observational, and Cross-Sectional Survey. Sex Med 2020;XXXXX-XXX. INTRODUCTION The past 2 decades have witnessed an increased amount of research into botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) as a treatment for various forms of sexual dysfunction and pain syndromes refractory to other medical therapy. BoNT is postulated to reduce pain sensation by inhibiting neuropeptide release in the presynaptic neuron. Dyspareunia, vaginismus, vestibulodynia, and persistent genital arousal disorder are female sexual dysfunctions with cryptic pathophysiology and limited treatment options. BoNT has emerged as a potential treatment for many of these afflictions in women. OBJECTIVES To review the literature regarding BoNT as a treatment for female sexual and genitourinary dysfunction. METHODS A PubMed search for English-language articles was performed using the following terms "Botox," "botulinum toxin," "botulinum toxin A," "Onabotulinum A," "Abobutlinum A," "BoNT," and "BoNT-A." The main outcomes measured by each study were resolution of dysfunction. This entailed reduction of pain with intercourse for dyspareunia, reduction of pain for vestibulodynia, decreased arousal for persistent genital arousal disorder, and ability to tolerate penetration for vaginismus. RESULTS A total of 12 human studies that evaluated BoNT as a treatment for female sexual disorders were included. Study types included prospective, retrospective, cohort, pilot, and open-label. CONCLUSION There is growing evidence suggesting that BoNT is a safe and efficacious treatment option for female patients suffering from various sexual and genitourinary disorders. However, more research is needed to develop a better understanding of the mechanisms through which BoNT treats these disorders. Dick B, Natale C, Reddy A, et al. Application of Botulinum Neurotoxin in Female Sexual and Genitourinary Dysfunction A Review of Current Practices. Sex Med 2020;XXXXX-XXX. INTRODUCTION Overactive pelvic floor (OPF) muscles are defined as muscles that do not relax, or may even contract, when relaxation is needed, for example, during micturition or defecation. Glycyrrhizin ic50 Conditions associated with OPF are multifactorial and include multiple possible etiologies and symptom complexes. The complex interplay between biological and psychosocial elements can lead to the persistence of OPF symptoms along with psychological and emotional distress. OBJECTIVES (1) To review and contextualize, from a pathophysiologic perspective, the evidence for OPF, (2) to provide an overview of common clinical presentations and comorbidities of OPF, and (3) to discuss the effect of OPF on sexual function in men and women. METHODS Review of the updated literature on the pathophysiology of OPF was carried out. OPF-associated conditions were overviewed, with special emphasis on the impact on sexual function in men and women. RESULTS Individuals with suspected OPF often present with a combination of gastrointestinal, ge Sexual Response. Sex Med 2020;XXXXX-XXX. AIM To examine the application and methodological quality of the Delphi method used in developing guidance for emergency nursing practice. BACKGROUND Emergency nursing scope of practice has rapidly expanded in response to increasing patient acuity, complexity and technological innovation. Determining best practice is crucial for delivering high quality, safe and effective emergency nursing care. The Delphi method has been used to identify, prioritise complex issues and develop evidence-driven guidance in emergency nursing practice. The use and quality of the Delphi method in emergency nursing practice has not been examined. DESIGN Systematic literature review. DATABASES AND DATA TREATMENT A systematic literature search was conducted using the following databases SCOPUS, EMBASE, Medline and ProQuest from date of inception to August 2019. The database search was limited to scholarly articles or peer-reviewed journals. No language restrictions were applied. The Cochrane Collaboration method and PRISMA checks were utilized to conduct the review. RESULTS Of 246 records identified 22 (8.9%) studies met the inclusion criteria. A modified Delphi method was commonly used (n = 15; 68.2%) and often conducted online (n = 11; 50.0%). Eight practice guidance themes were identified. Overall study quality was high (score 12/14; range 4-13), transparency of reporting varied. CONCLUSION Based on this review, the Delphi method is an appropriate method for exploring emergency nursing practice. The studies reviewed demonstrated that knowledge, skills and clinical expertise has progressively expanded in the specialty of emergency nursing. Variation in the application, conduct and transparency of reporting in Delphi studies developing guidance for emergency nursing practice is discussed. Lignosulfonate is a by-product of the cooking process by sulfite pulping for paper manufacturing. The treatment of wood chips by various salts of sulfurous acid solubilizes lignin to produce a cellulose-rich wood pulp. Developing a technique for the conversion of lignosulfonate by-product to high value materials has an important industrial utility. Sphingobium sp. strain SYK-6, which was isolated from pulping wastewater, is one of the best enzymatically or genetically characterized bacteria for degrading lignin-derived aromatics. We have previously established a system for the production of 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylic acid (PDC), a novel platform chemical that can produce a variety of bio-based polymers, by introducing of ligA, ligB, and ligC genes from SYK-6 into a mutant strain of Pseudomonas putida PpY1100. In this study, extracts from lignosulfonates, which were desulphonated and depolymerized by alkaline oxidation, were evaluated as substrates for microbiological conversion to PDC by the transgenic bacteria.
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