Notes

Your Wondering Case of Nonrepetitive Centromeric Genetic make-up Sequences in Candida auris and Associated Varieties.
Racism is a system of structuring opportunity and assigning value based on the social interpretation of how one looks (which is what we call "race"). Racism unfairly disadvantages some individuals and communities, unfairly advantages other individuals and communities, and saps the strength of the whole society through the waste of human resources. There are 7 barriers to achieving health equity that are deeply embedded in US culture. These serve as values targets for anti-racism action. This article is an invitation to all who love children to become actively anti-racism.A child soldier is a person less than 18 years of age who/has been recruited/used by an armed force/armed group in any capacity, including but not limited to children, boys and girls, used as fighters, cooks, porters, messengers, spies, or for sexual purposes. Complex consequences on both physical and mental health are reported among child soldiers. One-third to one-half of these children may have clinically significant symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. The United Nations identified more than 25,000 grave violations against children during armed conflicts in 2019. The recruitment and use of children under 18 in armed conflicts must stop.Sexual violence against children is a gross violation of children's rights during their formative years and will likely interfere with their developmental trajectory and long-term quality of life. As a result, this form of violence includes commercial sexual exploitation of children, sexual abuse, child marriages, and female genital mutilation. The evidence shows that violence prevention is worth the investment; however, prioritizing this agenda to ensure funding through government spending remains low. Despite funding realities, research and advocacy efforts need to continue, with a focus on promoting effective practices for mitigation.Schools should be considered safe spaces for children; children need to feel secure in order to grow and learn. This article argues that when a school shooting occurs, the harm goes beyond those who are injured or killed, because the presumption of security is shattered, and the mental and emotional health of the students is threatened. There are many interventions for preventing these attacks at the school, state, and federal levels. This article explores evidence behind some of these interventions and describes the delicate balance in implementing interventions without introducing undue stress and anxiety into a child's everyday life.Among US geographic regions classified as rural, death rates are significantly higher for children and teens as compared with their urban peers; the disparity is even greater for Alaskan Native/American Indian and non-Hispanic black youth. Violence-related injuries and death contribute significantly to this finding. This article describes the epidemiology of violence-related injuries, with a limited discussion on child abuse and neglect and an in-depth analysis of self-inflicted injuries including unintentional firearm injuries and adolescent suicide. Potential interventions are also addressed, including strategies for injury prevention, such as firearm safe storage practices.Firearm violence is a significant public health problem, particularly among youth in the United States. Regardless of the data source or setting, young Black men have consistently been found to be disproportionately affected by firearm injuries and deaths. Public health research indicates that racial segregation likely increases racial disparities in firearm violence. To minimize deaths and injuries due to firearms and their cascading health consequences and to ultimately achieve health equity, preventive efforts will need to address the social determinants of health, including racism.In Latin America, violence is a major public health issue causing many families to flee to the United States to seek safety. Current US immigration policies fail to address why families are forced to depart their home country or the needs of families once arriving in the United States. This article identifies root causes of family displacement, examines the insufficient protections for children in families during US immigration processing, and provides practice and policy recommendations on how to transform the US immigration system so that it is more humane for children and families forcibly displaced by violence.All forms of violence against children (VAC) are violations of children's rights. Traditional definitions of child maltreatment do not address the rapidly evolving global spectrum of VAC. In this article, we offer an expanded definition of VAC that integrates the principles of child rights, clinical medicine, and public health. The authors further expand the socioecological model to establish a trans-societal sphere, composed of root-cause determinants of VAC, including climate change, globalization, armed conflict, etc. A child rights-based taxonomy of VAC is also presented. The authors conclude with recommendations to address VAC in the domains of clinical practice, systems development, and policy generation.This article reviews operating principles to guide engagement with local and global partners aimed at improving child health status. In the realms of research, education, clinical care, and administration, these principles are part of an organizing framework to be paired with faculty competencies that address the values/ethics of engagement, specific roles/responsibilities of partners, effective communication strategies among partners, the value of teamwork, and a full understanding of special considerations. Readers are referred to examples of prior advocacy work and implementation research models.This article documents the increasing numbers of children impacted annually by 1 or more types of violence against children and describes the range of types of injuries and their immediate and long-term impacts on child outcomes. selleck The article describes the growing number of international collaborations to decrease the numbers of children impacted by violence and to mitigate the consequences thereof, with a particular emphasis on children living in war zones.
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