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Inter-rater robustness of field-work exposure review within a case-control study involving feminine breast cancer.
INTRODUCTION There is a dearth of research on examining the longitudinal effects of cultural family processes on adolescent hopelessness, and the mechanisms through which the effects happen. Hence, the present study examined the relationship among parental (paternal and maternal) sacrifices, filial piety and adolescent hopelessness in the Chinese context. METHODS The study was based on a three-wave longitudinal data from a sample of 1569 Chinese adolescents (Time 1 mean age = 13.15 ± .92 years; 50.8% girls). The adolescents were invited to fill out a questionnaire containing measurements of studied variables thrice, at an interval of one year. RESULTS The results of cross-lagged panel analysis indicated that maternal sacrifice was associated with filial piety, which in turn was linked with hopelessness among Chinese adolescents. Moreover, there was bidirectional effects of adolescent hopelessness at earlier time point on paternal and maternal sacrifice at later time point via filial piety. CONCLUSIONS The study showed that maternal sacrifice serves as a protective factor that reduces adolescents' sense of hopelessness via the development of filial piety. At the same time, the bidirectional indirect effects of filial piety on the relationship between parental sacrifice and adolescent hopelessness also alert family researchers and youth practitioners on the child effects on parental behavior in Chinese families. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed. Like measles virus (MV), whose primary hosts are humans, non-human animal morbilliviruses use SLAM (signaling lymphocytic activation molecule) and PVRL4 (nectin-4) expressed on immune and epithelial cells, respectively, as receptors. PVRL4's amino acid sequence is highly conserved across species, while that of SLAM varies significantly. However, non-host animal SLAMs often function as receptors for different morbilliviruses. Uniquely, human SLAM is somewhat specific for MV, but canine distemper virus, which shows the widest host range among morbilliviruses, readily gains the ability to use human SLAM. selleck chemicals llc The host range for morbilliviruses is also modulated by their ability to counteract the host's innate immunity, but the risk of cross-species transmission of non-human animal morbilliviruses to humans could occur if MV is successfully eradicated. The presence of pesticides in agricultural wastewater entails harmful risks to both the environment and public health. In this study, two channel-type bioreactors with Trametes versicolor immobilized on pinewood chips were evaluated in terms of the removal efficiency of diuron from agricultural wastewater under non-sterile conditions. First, both single and successive sorption processes of diuron on pinewood chips were evaluated. The Freundlich model showed the best correlation in the sorption isotherm study (R2 = 0.993; Δq = 5.245), but according to repeated sorption experiments, the Langmuir model (R2 = 0.993; Δq = 5.757) was considered more representative. Equilibrium was reached after approximately 48 h, and the Elovich kinetic model gave the best fit with the experimental data. A packed-bed channel bioreactor (PBCB) was found to be a remarkable alternative able to remove up to 94% diuron from agricultural wastewater during 35 d. However, periodic manual mixing was required to guarantee an aerobic process, and a rotating drum bioreactor (RDB) was subsequently proposed as an enhanced version. The RDB removed up to 61% diuron during 16 d using almost 7 times lower wood dose (152 g wood·L-1) than in the PBCB (1000 g wood·L-1). V.COVID-19 was originated from Wuhan city of Hubei Province in China in December 2019. Since then it has spread in more than 210 countries and territories. It is a viral disease due to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. The patients show flu-like symptoms with a dry cough, sore throat, high fever, and breathing problems. The disease due to SARS-CoV-2 was named as COVID-19. About 2.2 million people have been infected with more than 0.15 million deaths globally. The United States of America is the most affected country with the highest patients of about 0.7 million. Despite great efforts, there is no treatment of this disease. However, prevention and management are the best options. This article describes SARS-CoV-2, disease, prevention and management, treatment and social impact on society. It was analyzed that a combination of antiviral drugs with hydroxyl-chloroquine and azithromycin (with the consultation of a medical practitioner) may be the best option to treat the patients, depending on the patient's conditions and symptoms. However, Unani therapy may be useful along with allopathic treatment. It is urgently advised and requested that all the persons should follow the preventive measures, managements and quarantine strictly without any religious discrepancy otherwise the situation may be the worst. Also, there is an urgent requirement to educate our new generation for science and technology to fight against any such disaster in future; if any. There is no need to be panic and proper prevention and management are essential to combat this disease. This article may be useful to create awareness among the public, to prevent, manage and treat COVID-19. We developed a conceptual framework that describes the key role of ecosystem services in urban ecological infrastructure. From this framework we analyze how research on ecosystem services has been addressed in cities of Latin America and the Caribbean, in order to discuss their incorporation into policies of urban planning, in the context of nature-based solutions and sustainable development goals. Mexico, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Argentina represent 90% of research in urban ecosystem services, all of them except Colombia had carried out studies considering green, blue and gray-hybrid infrastructures. However, green-hybrid infrastructure clustered most of the studies. Ecosystem service supply component and intermediate beneficiaries are the most studied. Our results show that most studies have not been developed from the perspective of the biophysical, sociocultural or economic assessment of ecosystem services, on the contrary we recognized or deduced them from proxy variables found within the studies. Our findings suggest that the study of urban ecosystem services in Latin America and the Caribbean is in development and has begun to increase in the last decade.
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