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Recently, different carbon-based nanomaterials have been used as reinforcing agents in acrylic bone cement formulations. Among them, graphene oxide (GO) has attracted the attention of scientific community since it could improve not only the mechanical properties but also the biocompatibility characteristics of these materials. However, using GO presents some drawbacks, such as its poor dispersion and lack of interaction with polymeric matrices, which should be prior resolved to achieve its optimal performance in acrylic bone cement. Thus, in this work, GO was treated with 3-methacryloxy propyl trimethoxy silane at various concentrations (1, 3 and 5 wt.%) to improve the interaction between the nanofiller and the poly (methyl methacrylate) matrix. Modified GO was incorporated at different percentages (0.1, 0.5 and 0.75 wt.%) into acrylic bone cement formulations and some properties were evaluated. The silanization process of the GO was confirmed by FTIR, TGA and EDX. The improvement in the mechanical performance was monitored on the compression properties whereas those related with biological properties were evaluated by osteoblast cell viability and hemocompatibility tests. Results suggest that using a 1 wt.% of the silane coupling agent, during surface treatment of GO, yields the best mechanical performance in this type of materials. It was also found that the presence of neat GO or silanized GO does not compromise the cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility of acrylic bone cement formulations.Nuclide migration poses a problem to the potential geological disposal site performance assessment of radioactive waste. Effective diffusivity of clay is an important factor in radionuclide retention. In this study, a set of diffusion experiments were performed with radioactive water tracers (HTO and 36Cl-) on the Téguline Clay using the in-diffusion method, and the effect of location was emphasised. The results show that the apparent diffusion coefficient (Da) did not vary linearly with the depth of the Téguline Clay. From the depth of 0-60 m, the effective diffusion coefficients of HTO and 36Cl- were 5.2-10.3 (×10-11 m²s-1) and 1.3 -6.3 (×10-11 m²s-1), respectively. Téguline Clay at different locations and the same depth showed similar results. The results showed that all the diffusion coefficients of 36Cl- in the Téguline Clay at different positions were lower than those of HTO. HTO exhibited lower anisotropy in the region, while HTO and 36Cl- showed anisotropies between 1 and 2.2. Numerical analysis predicted different initial concentrations and time affect the diffusion of contaminants in Téguline Clay. These findings can provide ideas for the prevention and control of contaminant in radioactive waste disposal.Purpose This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of MIGS (Xen® and Cypass®) compared to trabeculectomy and Baerveldt® implants.Patients and Methods This single-center study included patients from the Ophthalmic Hospital of Turin between January 2015 and 2018.Efficacy was assessed based on the intraocular pressure and the number of medications necessary to control IOP at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months and the potential complications. U0126 Complete surgical success was defined as IOP ≤ 21 mmHg, with no medication or additional glaucoma surgery. Qualified success was defined as IOP ≤ 21 mmHg with the reintroduction of topical medications. Our third measure of success was a delta IOP reduction greater than 20% compared to baseline.Results The delta IOP compared to the baseline was significant at every instance, except in the Xen® implant group. The average IOP distribution at different time points was significant, except at 1 and 12 months. The delta of the medication number compared to the baseline was significant at every instant. All three methods of success were analyzed using a Kaplan-Meier survival curve that identified a significant difference on the success rates of Xen®-trabeculectomy, Xen®-Baerveldt®, and Cypass®-Baerveldt®.Conclusion MIGS can reduce the number of medication classes, thus increasing patient compliance and reducing topical ocular toxicity and general costs. Trabeculectomy remains the most effective option but still presents a percentage of failures that might increase during follow-up.
There is no evidence that systematic screening and risk factor modification in an unselected, asymptomatic population will reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a primary care CVD prevention program on mortality during a 13-year follow-up.

A risk factor survey was sent, followed by a nurse-led lifestyle counselling to respondents with at least one CVD risk factor, and a general practitioner's (GP) appointment for high-risk persons. Screening and interventions were performed during 2005-2006.

A public health care centre in the town of Harjavalta, Finland.

All home-dwelling 45-70-year old inhabitants without manifested CVD or diabetes.

All-cause and CVD mortality.

Altogether 74% (2121/2856) inhabitants responded to the invitation. The intervention was received by 1465 individuals (52% of the invited population) 398 risk persons had an appointment with a nurse, followed by an appointment with a GP for 1067 high-risk persons. During the follow preventive medication for high-risk persons.Subjects not willing to participate in health surveys have the worst prognosis.
Reducing mortality is possible in a primary care setting by raising health awareness in the community with screening, by targeted lifestyle counselling and evidence-based preventive medication for persons at high risk for CVD. Subjects not willing to participate in health surveys have the worst prognosis.Key PointsPreviously, there is no evidence that systematic screening and risk factor modification in an unselected, asymptomatic population will reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.With a stepwise screening program it is possible to scale the magnitude of CVD prevention in the community.Reducing mortality in a community is possible by screening, targeted lifestyle counselling, and by evidence-based preventive medication for high-risk persons.Subjects not willing to participate in health surveys have the worst prognosis.
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