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What's Everyone Talking About Free Evolution This Moment
What is Free Evolution?

Free evolution is the notion that natural processes can cause organisms to develop over time. This includes the emergence and development of new species.

This has been demonstrated by many examples, including stickleback fish varieties that can be found in fresh or saltwater and walking stick insect varieties that have a preference for specific host plants. These mostly reversible traits permutations cannot explain fundamental changes to the body's basic plans.

Evolution by Natural Selection

Scientists have been fascinated by the development of all the living creatures that live on our planet for ages. The best-established explanation is that of Charles Darwin's natural selection process, a process that occurs when individuals that are better adapted survive and reproduce more effectively than those that are less well adapted. Over time, a population of well-adapted individuals expands and eventually forms a whole new species.

Natural selection is an ongoing process and involves the interaction of three factors that are: reproduction, variation and inheritance. Variation is caused by mutations and sexual reproduction, both of which increase the genetic diversity of a species. Inheritance is the transfer of a person's genetic characteristics to his or her offspring that includes dominant and recessive alleles. Reproduction is the process of producing fertile, viable offspring, which includes both asexual and sexual methods.

All of these variables have to be in equilibrium for natural selection to occur. If, for example, a dominant gene allele causes an organism reproduce and survive more than the recessive allele then the dominant allele becomes more common in a population. If the allele confers a negative advantage to survival or reduces the fertility of the population, it will go away. The process is self-reinforcing which means that an organism with an adaptive trait will live and reproduce more quickly than one with a maladaptive characteristic. The higher the level of fitness an organism has which is measured by its ability to reproduce and survive, is the greater number of offspring it can produce. Individuals with favorable traits, like a long neck in giraffes, or bright white color patterns on male peacocks are more likely to others to survive and reproduce which eventually leads to them becoming the majority.

Natural selection is only an element in the population and not on individuals. Suggested Resource site is a major distinction from the Lamarckian evolution theory, which states that animals acquire traits either through use or lack of use. For instance, if a giraffe's neck gets longer through stretching to reach prey, its offspring will inherit a longer neck. The differences in neck size between generations will continue to increase until the giraffe is no longer able to breed with other giraffes.

Evolution by Genetic Drift

In genetic drift, alleles within a gene can be at different frequencies in a group by chance events. In the end, one will reach fixation (become so common that it cannot be eliminated through natural selection) and the other alleles drop to lower frequency. In extreme cases this, it leads to dominance of a single allele. The other alleles are essentially eliminated, and heterozygosity falls to zero. In a small population this could lead to the complete elimination the recessive gene. This is known as the bottleneck effect. It is typical of the evolution process that occurs when an enormous number of individuals move to form a population.

A phenotypic bottleneck may also occur when the survivors of a disaster such as an outbreak or mass hunt event are concentrated in an area of a limited size. The survivors will have an dominant allele, and will share the same phenotype. This situation could be caused by earthquakes, war or even plagues. Regardless of the cause, the genetically distinct population that remains is susceptible to genetic drift.

Walsh, Lewens and Ariew define drift as a deviation from the expected values due to differences in fitness. 에볼루션 바카라 무료체험 cite a famous instance of twins who are genetically identical, have identical phenotypes, but one is struck by lightning and dies, while the other lives and reproduces.

This kind of drift can play a crucial part in the evolution of an organism. However, it is not the only way to progress. The primary alternative is to use a process known as natural selection, in which the phenotypic variation of the population is maintained through mutation and migration.

Stephens argues that there is a big distinction between treating drift as a force or as a cause and treating other causes of evolution such as mutation, selection, and migration as forces or causes. He claims that a causal-process model of drift allows us to separate it from other forces and that this differentiation is crucial. He also claims that drift is a directional force: that is it tends to eliminate heterozygosity. It also has a specific magnitude that is determined by population size.

Evolution through Lamarckism

When students in high school study biology, they are often introduced to the work of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744 - 1829). His theory of evolution, commonly referred to as "Lamarckism which means that simple organisms develop into more complex organisms through adopting traits that result from the use and abuse of an organism. Lamarckism can be demonstrated by an giraffe's neck stretching to reach higher levels of leaves in the trees. This could cause the longer necks of giraffes to be passed on to their offspring who would then grow even taller.

Lamarck, a French Zoologist from France, presented an idea that was revolutionary in his 17 May 1802 opening lecture at the Museum of Natural History of Paris. He challenged previous thinking on organic transformation. In his opinion living things had evolved from inanimate matter via the gradual progression of events. Lamarck was not the only one to suggest that this might be the case but the general consensus is that he was the one being the one who gave the subject its first broad and thorough treatment.

The popular narrative is that Lamarckism grew into a rival to Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection and both theories battled it out in the 19th century. Darwinism ultimately prevailed which led to what biologists call the Modern Synthesis. This theory denies acquired characteristics are passed down from generation to generation and instead, it claims that organisms evolve through the selective influence of environmental factors, including Natural Selection.

Lamarck and his contemporaries believed in the idea that acquired characters could be passed on to future generations. However, this notion was never a central part of any of their theories on evolution. This is due to the fact that it was never scientifically tested.

It has been more than 200 year since Lamarck's birth and in the field of genomics, there is an increasing body of evidence that supports the heritability acquired characteristics. This is also referred to as "neo Lamarckism", or more generally epigenetic inheritance. This is a variant that is as reliable as the popular neodarwinian model.

Evolution by the process of adaptation

One of the most common misconceptions about evolution is that it is being driven by a struggle to survive. 에볼루션 바카라 체험 is inaccurate and ignores other forces driving evolution. The struggle for existence is better described as a fight to survive in a particular environment. This may be a challenge for not just other living things as well as the physical environment.

To understand how evolution operates it is beneficial to consider what adaptation is. The term "adaptation" refers to any specific feature that allows an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment. It can be a physiological structure such as feathers or fur, or a behavioral trait, such as moving into the shade in the heat or leaving at night to avoid the cold.

The survival of an organism is dependent on its ability to extract energy from the surrounding environment and interact with other living organisms and their physical surroundings. The organism must possess the right genes for producing offspring, and be able to find sufficient food and resources. The organism should also be able reproduce at an amount that is appropriate for its specific niche.

These factors, in conjunction with mutations and gene flow can result in an alteration in the ratio of different alleles in the population's gene pool. Over time, this change in allele frequencies can result in the emergence of new traits, and eventually new species.

Many of the features we appreciate in plants and animals are adaptations. For example the lungs or gills which extract oxygen from the air feathers and fur as insulation and long legs to get away from predators and camouflage to conceal. To understand adaptation it is essential to distinguish between behavioral and physiological traits.


Physiological adaptations, like thick fur or gills are physical traits, while behavioral adaptations, like the desire to find companions or to retreat into the shade in hot weather, aren't. Additionally it is important to note that lack of planning does not mean that something is an adaptation. A failure to consider the effects of a behavior even if it appears to be logical, can cause it to be unadaptive.

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