Notes

Effect of Southern Africa's meantime required sea salt decrease system in urinary sodium excretion as well as hypertension.
clinical use of BTX in human vascular disease and surgery.Sports injuries are multifactorial and have a complex web of risk factors. MK8617 Thus, identifying risk factors plays a central role in designing prevention strategies. Following evidence-based practice principles, clinicians use the best available evidence to guide decisions about injury prevention. Here, we share a scenario familiar to the sports medicine community-risk factors for hamstring strain injury-and highlight some of the pitfalls that clinicians should watch out for when applying research to practice. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2021;51(3)91-93. doi10.2519/jospt.2021.0104.Letters to the Editor-in-Chief of JOSPT as follows "Competing Interests and a Cloudy Clinical Interpretation" "A Vested Interest in the Outcome" J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2021;51(3)151-153. doi10.2519/jospt.2021.0201.The purpose of this study was to identify predictive factors of effort-reward imbalance (ERI) among employees in multiple long-term care settings in Japan. This cross-sectional study by convenience sampling included 944 participants providing three types of long-term care home-based (n = 201), community-based (n = 128), and institutional (n = 615). Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with self-reported ERI. Low job satisfaction, being a care manager, holding a position of department head, working long hours, and having family-related stress were the common factors associated with ERI in employees across all three types of long-term care setting. Long-term care providers should consider the needs of care recipients and their family, as well as the needs of care employees, maximizing rewards so that turnover can be reduced and the diversity of individual work-family needs can be accommodated across multiple forms of long-term care settings.
We describe the phenotype of a variant lattice corneal dystrophy (LCD) potentially caused by a novel variant c.1772C>T p.(Ser591Phe) in exon 13 of the transforming growth factor beta-induced
gene.

The proband, a 71-year-old woman referred because of bilateral LCD, first seen at the age of 65 years, with recent progressive symptoms, underwent a clinical ophthalmological examination, anterior segment optical coherence tomography and confocal microscopy. Additionally, three siblings and three children were examined. The identified
variant was screened in six family members using Sanger sequencing. A corneal dystrophy gene screen was performed for the proband. Translucent subepithelial irregularities and central to midperipheral stubby branching corneal stromal lattice lines, asymmetric between the right and the left eye, were visible and resulted in mild deterioration of vision in one eye. Genetic testing revealed a novel variant c.1772C>T in
, leading to the amino acid change p.(Ser591Phe). One daughter carried the same variant but had only thick stromal nerve fibres at the age of 49 years. The other family members neither had corneal abnormalities nor carried the variant. No keratoplasty is yet planned for the proband.

We classify the novel variant in
as possibly pathogenic, potentially causing the late-onset, asymmetric variant LCD. Our findings add to the growing number of
variants associated with a spectrum of phenotypes of variant LCD.
We classify the novel variant in TGFBI as possibly pathogenic, potentially causing the late-onset, asymmetric variant LCD. Our findings add to the growing number of TGFBI variants associated with a spectrum of phenotypes of variant LCD.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most common immune-mediated diseases. It makes thyroid surgery more complicated and difficult because there may be adhesions between the thyroid gland and surrounding structures. However, it is still controversial whether HT patients carry a high risk for postoperative complications of thyroid surgery. The purpose of this study was to investigate the significance of HT for the postoperative complications of thyroid surgery.

A search for studies assessing the postoperative complication risks of HT patients compared with that of patients with benign nodules (BNs) was performed in PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science. Nine studies (20,118 cases, 1,582 cases of HT and 18,536 cases of BN) were identified, and the data from the relevant outcomes were extracted and analysed.

There were no significant differences between the HT group and BN group in recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (RLNP) and permanent hypoparathyroidism (PHP). The rate of transient hypocalcaemia (THC) was significantly higher in the HT group (16.85%) than in the BN group (13.20%).

The meta-analysis showed that HT only increased the risk of the postoperative complication THC compared to BN. Understanding the significance of HT in postoperative hypoparathyroidism after thyroid surgery would help clinicians perform sufficient preoperative (and postoperative) assessments and to optimise surgical planning.
The meta-analysis showed that HT only increased the risk of the postoperative complication THC compared to BN. Understanding the significance of HT in postoperative hypoparathyroidism after thyroid surgery would help clinicians perform sufficient preoperative (and postoperative) assessments and to optimise surgical planning.
Owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been significant disruption to all surgical specialties. In the UK, units have cancelled elective surgery and a decrease in aerosol generating procedures (AGPs) was favoured. Centres around the world advocate the use of negative pressure environments for AGPs in reducing the spread of infectious airborne particles. We present an overview of operating theatre ventilation systems and the respective evidence with relation to surgical site infection (SSI) and airborne pathogen transmission in light of COVID-19.

A literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Cochrane Library and MEDLINE databases. Search terms included "COVID-19", "theatre ventilation", "laminar", "turbulent" and "negative pressure".

Evidence for laminar flow ventilation in reducing the rate of SSI in orthopaedic surgery is widely documented. There is little evidence to support its use in general surgery. Following previous viral outbreaks, some centres have introduced negative pressure ventilation in an attempt to decrease exposure of airborne pathogens to staff and surrounding areas.
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