Notes

Vibrotactile awareness screening for work-related along with disease-induce peripheral neuropathies.
We utilize panel data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing to investigate the impact of retirement on objective health measures. In contrast to many previous studies, which focus on subjective self-reported health and life satisfaction measures, we focus on objective health biomarkers, such as diabetes indicators and cholesterol. Because poor health can induce retirement, we instrument for retirement using eligibility for state and employer sponsored pensions. Overall, there are few significant impacts of retirement on health biomarkers. The direction of effects is also mixed. Some biomarkers improve upon retirement, while others deteriorate. This contrasts with the consistently positive and significant improvements that are found in self-reported measures from the same dataset.
Anterior axillary arch (AAA) is a slip of latissimus dorsi muscle, of variable thickness, which crosses anterior to the axillary vessels and brachial plexus. It is the most common anatomic variant in the axilla and surgeons operating in this area should be familiar with this finding to prevent confusion and complications. The aim of this study is to enhance surgeon's awareness of AAA, report the prevalence, and to describe our experience with this anomaly.

An institutionally maintained database was used to identify patients with AAA in a single surgeon's experience, from 2008 to 2019. check details Patient characteristics, including tumor type, laterality, and pathologic node counts were determined and compared with patients undergoing axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) without this anatomic anomaly.

Nineteen patients with AAA were identified (13 on ALND and 6 during sentinel lymph node biopsy). Indications for ALND included breast cancer (12), melanoma (5), and Merkel cell carcinoma (2). In patients with AAA undergoing an ALND, the median number of lymph nodes pathologically identified was 23 and similar to those without AAA (27, P=0.14). The prevalence of AAA in patients who underwent ALND was 3.1% (13/422).

Surgeons who operate in the axilla are likely to encounter an AAA. Knowledge of this variant should improve operative efficiency and may prevent technical errors during an ALND or sentinel lymph node biopsy.
Surgeons who operate in the axilla are likely to encounter an AAA. Knowledge of this variant should improve operative efficiency and may prevent technical errors during an ALND or sentinel lymph node biopsy.The search for therapeutic drugs that can neutralize the effects of COVID-2019 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is the main focus of current research. The coronavirus main protease (Mpro) is an attractive target for anti-coronavirus drug design. Further, α-ketoamide is proved to be very effective as a reversible covalent-inhibitor against cysteine proteases. Herein, we report on the non-covalent to the covalent adduct formation mechanism of α-ketoamide-based inhibitor with the enzyme active site amino acids by QM/SQM model (QM = quantum mechanical, SQM = semi-empirical QM). To uncover the mechanism, we focused on two approaches a concerted and a stepwise fashion. The concerted pathway proceeds via deprotonation of the thiol of cysteine (here, Cys145 SγH) and simultaneous reversible nucleophilic attack of sulfur onto the α-ketoamide warhead. In this work, we propose three plausible concerted pathways. On the contrary, in a traditional two-stage pathway, the first step is proton transfer from Cys145 SγH to His41 Nδ forming an ion pair, and consecutively, in the second step, the thiolate ion attacks the α-keto group to form a thiohemiketal. In this reaction, we find that the stability of the tetrahedral intermediate oxyanion/hydroxyl group plays an important role. Moreover, as the α-keto group has two faces Si or Re for the nucleophilic attack, we considered both possibilities of attack leading to S- and R-thiohemiketal. We computed the structural, electronic, and energetic parameters of all stationary points including transition states via ONIOM and pure DFT method. Additionally, to characterize covalent, weak noncovalent interaction (NCI) and hydrogen-bonds, we applied NCI-reduced density gradient (NCI-RDG) methods along with Bader's Quantum Theory of Atoms-in-Molecules (QTAIM) and natural bonding orbital (NBO) analysis.The use of plant growth-promoting bacteria represents an alternative to the massive use of mineral fertilizers in agriculture. However, some abiotic stresses commonly found in the environment, like salinity, can affect the efficiency of this approach. Here, we investigated the key mechanisms involved in the response of the plant growth-promoting bacterium Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus to salt stress by using morphological and cell viability analyses, comparative proteomics, and reverse genetics. Our results revealed that the bacteria produce filamentous cells in response to salt at 100 mM and 150 mM NaCl. However, such a response was not observed at higher concentrations, where cell viability was severely affected. Proteomic analysis showed that salt stress modulates proteins involved in several pathways, including iron uptake, outer membrane efflux, osmotic adjustment, cell division and elongation, and protein transport and quality control. Proteomic data also revealed the repression of several extracytoplasmic proteins, especially those located at periplasm and outer membrane. The role of such pathways in the tolerance to salt stress was analyzed by the use of mutant defectives for Δtbdr (iron uptake), ΔmtlK and ΔotsA (compatible solutes synthesis), and ΔdegP (quality control of nascent extracytoplasmic proteins). ΔdegP presented the highest sensitivity to salt stress, Δtbdr, andΔmtlK also showed increased sensitivity, but ΔotsA was not affected. This is the first demonstration that DegP protein, a protease with minor chaperone activity, is essential for tolerance to salt stress in G. diazotrophicus. Our data contribute to a better understanding of the molecular bases that control the bacterial response/tolerance to salt stress, shedding light on quality control of nascent extracytoplasmic proteins.The unicellular, free-living, nonphotosynthetic chlorophycean alga Polytomella parva, closely related to Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Volvox carteri, contains colorless, starch-storing plastids. The P. parva plastids lack all light-dependent processes but maintain crucial metabolic pathways. The colorless alga also lacks a plastid genome, meaning no transcription or translation should occur inside the organelle. Here, using an algal fraction enriched in plastids as well as publicly available transcriptome data, we provide a morphological and proteomic characterization of the P. parva plastid, ultimately identifying several plastid proteins, both by mass spectrometry and bioinformatic analyses. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD022051. Altogether these results led us to propose a plastid proteome for P. parva, i.e., a set of proteins that participate in carbohydrate metabolism; in the synthesis and degradation of starch, amino acids and lipids; in the biosynthesis of terpenoids and tetrapyrroles; in solute transport and protein translocation; and in redox homeostasis.
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