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Results of 4-Hexylresorcinol in Craniofacial Increase in Rodents.
Research has told us little about the demographics of individuals entering substance use programs in New Orleans, Louisiana, especially women accessing treatment programs. Considering that New Orleans is a predominantly Black city and both substance use treatment and research have historically left out Black patients, this study evaluates the age, race, insurance status, education level, and substance of choice for patients entering Grace House Rehabilitation Center, an all women nonprofit substance use treatment program in New Orleans, Louisiana.

Since 2013, Tulane School of Medicine students have held weekly primary care clinics at Grace House. This study used the clinic's patients' handwritten intake forms to collect demographic variables between 2013 and 2019. The study then evaluated the data using descriptive statistical analysis.

The study analyzed 743 patient charts. We found that 78.4% of women admitted to Grace House were white (n = 627), and 14.5% of women were Black (n = 1160). The study excied. While multiple reasons exist for the lack of Black women in this population, Black substance-using women are clearly left out of the life-saving treatment that they deserve. The medical community must investigate further to make genuine, impactful changes to how substance use treatment is accessed by all minority groups, but especially Black women.Researchers have suggested that provider-based stigma of persons who suffer from opioid use disorder (OUD) in the criminal justice system serves as a barrier to fully implementing harm reduction strategies, such as the use of naloxone and medication for addiction treatment (MAT). While scholars have begun to explore the relationships between stigma and first responders' attitudes toward naloxone, little work has been done to assess first responders' attitudes toward other forms of harm reduction, including MAT. The goal of the current exploratory study was to help fill this gap in the literature by assessing first responders' (N = 282) attitudes toward MAT, as well as the correlates of these attitudes. The study specifically focused on examining the relationship between provider-based stigma and attitudes toward MAT. Results show that, in the aggregate, first responders held slightly negative attitudes toward the use of MAT. Moreover, the study found that certain dimensions of stigma (i.e., dangerousness and fatalism) to exhibit a negative relationship with attitudes toward MAT, while support for the disease model of addiction was associated with positive perceptions. Policy implications based on these findings are discussed within.
Despite their proven efficacy, medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) are underutilized. Negative beliefs and attitudes toward MOUD are quite common, yet rapidly expanding recovery community centers (RCCs) may offer a promising venue for fostering MOUD support as they operate under the maxim, "many pathways [to recovery], all should be celebrated" and are utilized mainly by those with opioid use disorder. The current study provides a first look at MOUD attitudes and their correlates in RCC attendees.

The study conducted a cross-sectional survey (N=320) of recovering adults attending 31 RCCs across New England, assessing demographic, treatment, and recovery-relevant factors, as well attitudes (positive vs. negative) toward the use of agonist and antagonist MOUD. The study used frequencies and confidence intervals to obtain prevalence estimates for positive and negative attitudes toward agonist and antagonist MOUD, and to examine differences between them. Spearman correlations identified correlates of Migh rates of positive MOUD attitudes among RCC participants, highlighting the potential for this growing tier of recovery support to foster acceptance and peer support for medication-facilitated recovery pathways. Correlates of attitudes further reveal opportunities for facilitating MOUD acceptance within and beyond the RCC network.
Findings reveal very high rates of positive MOUD attitudes among RCC participants, highlighting the potential for this growing tier of recovery support to foster acceptance and peer support for medication-facilitated recovery pathways. Correlates of attitudes further reveal opportunities for facilitating MOUD acceptance within and beyond the RCC network.This systematic review provides a synthesis of the literature on brief alcohol intervention (BAI) implementation in medical settings. We utilized the Proctor et al. (2011) taxonomy of eight implementation outcomes (acceptability, adoption, appropriateness, feasibility, fidelity, implementation cost, penetration, and sustainability) to organize and describe the qualitative and quantitative literature regarding BAI implementation. An electronic search of the PubMed database identified 25 articles that met inclusion criteria. The study team independently assessed all articles for methodological quality, with the majority of studies rated as weak to moderate. Descriptive and narrative review of the included articles identified penetration and acceptability as the two most commonly reported implementation outcomes. Studies rarely reported other outcomes (e.g., fidelity, cost, sustainability, adoption). On average, studies utilized approximately six implementation strategies to facilitate implementation, with education (96%), quality management (64%), and planning (56%) strategies the most frequently reported. Promising evidence exists that patients and providers are accepting of BAI implementation efforts and implementation efforts are helpful in expanding the reach of BAIs. A theory-informed approach to selecting implementation strategies may enhance implementation success in future work. When reporting on implementation, all studies should provide detailed BAI descriptions and strategies to enhance replication efforts. Navitoclax We suggest study designs that balance practical outcomes with methodological rigor to maximize the quality of future studies and better inform implementation efforts.
Benzodiazepine use among patients receiving opioid agonist treatment (OAT) presents a conundrum benzodiazepines increase overdose risk, yet can treat anxiety and insomnia. How best to balance the risks and benefits of benzodiazepines among OAT patients is unclear. Using qualitative methods, we examined patient motivations for benzodiazepine use and understanding of risks, and the context in which benzodiazepine use and prescribing occurs.

We conducted semi-structured interviews with 26 OAT patients using benzodiazepines and 10 OAT clinicians. Participants were recruited from an office-based buprenorphine clinic at an academic medical center and a methadone opioid treatment program using purposive sampling. The study team reviewed transcripts and double-coded 100% of interviews. Data analysis combined both deductive and inductive methods.

Major emergent themes were 1) patients focus on benefits over risks of benzodiazepines, 2) patients can learn to use benzodiazepines safely, 3) patients want to use benzodiazepines now but discontinue in the future, 4) clinicians and patients weigh the risks and benefits of benzodiazepine use differently, 5) clinicians and patient have differences in treatment goals, and 6) clinicians struggle with benzodiazepine discontinuation.
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