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The Longitudinal Study in the Influence involving Schwartz Center Models upon Meaning Problems.
3 ± 9.6 years). We found statistically significant differences before and one year after surgery for VAS lower limb pain and back pain, ODI and JOA scores(P less then 0.001). Complications included intraoperative dural tears(n = 1),and weak fusion between the lamina and the vertebral body (n = 1).Conclusion Endoscopic modified total laminectomy is a promising surgical approach which reduces patient suffering and improves patient quality of life.Objectives The aim of the present review was to critically evaluate empirical evidence regarding the needs and experiences of children who have a parent with young onset dementia (YOD). Methods A systematic search of five databases was carried out and the resulting 16 studies were reviewed using a meta-ethnographic approach. Results Three main themes arose from the data 'Dementia Impact", which describes how the child experiences the deterioration in their parent and changes to relationships; "Psychological Impact", comprising the child's private emotional experiences and the psychological consequences of changes in roles; and "Practical Impact", detailing the ways in which children adapt their lives in response to parental YOD, and children's needs for support. Conclusions These themes synthesize the existing literature and produce a line of argument explaining the experience of children whose parents have YOD. Clinical implications Information and policies regarding YOD should take account of the experiences of patients' children and should include targeted support for children of parents with YOD.Objectives Italy's 2015 emergency contraception (EC) policy made EC available without prescription for individuals aged 18 years and older; however, women living in Italy continue to face barriers to accessing EC. The purposes of this study were to understand EC knowledge, attitudes and behaviours among women living in Italy and explore the impact of the 2015 policy.Methods Researchers conducted 30 interviews with women living in Florence, Italy, aged 18-50 years and using the Italian health care system. Researchers used an expanded grounded theory approach to understand women's EC experiences, with diffusion of innovations (DOI) serving as a conceptual lens. Researchers completed open and axial coding to identify emerging themes.Results Participants had low awareness of the 2015 EC policy and suggested increased messaging in strategic locations to overcome this barrier. They held positive and negative attitudes towards EC while some perceived the advantage of EC compared with unintended pregnancy, others expressed concerns about irresponsible behaviour and safety. Finally, conscientious objection impacted access, despite women's desire for autonomous EC decision making.Conclusion The findings offer practical recommendations to guide EC messaging in Italy to increase women's access to EC. Human cathelicidin Anti-infection chemical Recommendations include using theory- and audience-based methods to overcome gaps in policy knowledge and real and perceived barriers to EC access. Incorporating DOI as a theoretical framework with women's voices presents a novel opportunity to enhance policy and EC dissemination.This study aimed to determine the effects of virtual keyboard designs and postures on task performance and muscle activity during tablet use. Eighteen healthy adults were randomly assigned to one of three postures (DESK, LAP, BED) to complete six sessions of 60-minute typing on a tablet with three virtual keyboards (STD, WIDE, SPLIT) twice in an experimental laboratory. Keystroke dynamics and muscle activity of the forearm and neck-shoulder regions were measured by electromyography. The split virtual keyboard was found to be associated with faster typing speed (SPLIT vs STD, p = .015; SPLIT vs WIDE, p less then .001) and decreased muscle activity of extensor digitorum communis (SPLIT vs STD, p = .021). Lap posture was associated with faster typing speed (p = .018) and higher forearm muscle activity (p less then .05). Typing performance decreased (p less then .001) with elevated neck extensor muscle activity (p = .042) when the task duration prolonged. The split virtual keyboard showed potential to improve tablet ergonomics under various postures. Practitioner Summary Tablets have become widely used for a variety of tasks and have gradually expanded into the realm of mobile productivity and education. Adequate designs of virtual keyboards for tablets show the potential for increased task performance and decreased muscle activity pertinent to typing activity and posture constraints imposed by non-traditional work positions. Abbreviations WPM words per minute; IKI inter-key press interval; EMG electromyography; EDC extensor digitorum communis; FDS flexor digitorum superficialis; CES cervical erector spinae; UT upper trapezius; EA electrical activity; MVC maximum voluntary contraction; APDF amplitude probability distribution function.Objective Thrombophilia is known to be associated with poor pregnancy outcomes. In this study, three thrombophilic gene polymorphisms, including EPCR (Ser219Gly), F11 (rs4253417) and F7 (323 Ins10) were investigated in an Iranian population of women in order to determine the correlation between thrombophilia and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).Methods Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) were used to evaluate the frequency of three candidate thrombophilic risk factors for recurrent pregnancy loss. The frequencies of the polymorphisms were compared between the case (144 patients with a history of at least two miscarriages) and the control (150 healthy women with no abortion) group.Results Our results show that EPCR and FVII polymorphisms of the patient and control group have the same genotype frequency, and the difference is not statistically significant (p-value > .05). Regarding FXI polymorphism, TT genotype frequency was higher in the patient group than the control group (p-value less then .05); however, CT heterozygote form was higher in the control group compared to the patient group (p-value less then .05).Conclusion In FXI polymorphism, T allele is possibly an RPL risk factor and C allele has a protective role. Thus, wild type FXI could be related to RPL, but EPCR and FVII polymorphism have no such correlation.
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