Notes

Incompatible effects of Panax ginseng and Veratrum nigrum in excess estrogen decline in rodents utilizing metabolomics along with gut microbiota.
Our present result suggests that β-sitosterol mediated AgNP induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells and this finding may pave the way for further experimental analysis in vivo.
The purpose of this study was to systematically review the prevalence of class 1 integrons, antibiotic resistance pattern in
isolated from clinical samples other than burn samples.

The Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct databases were searched using keywords based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The cross-sectional studies published from 1st January 2000 until 1st January 2019 were included which addressed the prevalence of class 1 integrons and antibiotic-resistance in
isolated from clinical samples other than burn samples. Meta-analysis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software. The random-effects model, Cochran's Q and I
tests were applied for statistical analyses.

Eight articles met the eligibility standards for including in the present meta-analysis. The combined prevalence of class 1 integrons in
isolated from clinical samples other than burn samples was reported by 40% (95% CI26.1-55.8%). The pooled prevalence of Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR)
isolates was 70.1%. The highest prevalence of combined antibiotic resistance was related to carbenicillin with a resistance rate of 79.9%. In general, 6 (75%) out of the 8 included studies showed the correlation between the presence of class 1 integrons and antibiotic resistance.

Regarding the correlation between the presence of integrons and the high antibiotic resistance reported by studies included in the present review, there is the need for preventive measures to prevent the spread of resistance by integrons and transferring to other micro-organisms.
Regarding the correlation between the presence of integrons and the high antibiotic resistance reported by studies included in the present review, there is the need for preventive measures to prevent the spread of resistance by integrons and transferring to other micro-organisms.
Tau is a disordered Microtubule Associated Protein (MAP) which prefers to bind and stabilize microtubules. Phosphorylation of tau in particular enhances tautubulin interaction which otherwise detaches from tubulin during hyperphosphorylation. The reason behind their destabilization, detachment and the role of β subunit (from microtubule) and the projection domain (Tau) in microtubule stability remains elusive till date. Thus, a complete 3D structural investigation of tau protein is much needed to address these queries as the existing crystal structures are in fragments and quite limited.

In this study, the modelled human tau protein was subjected to phosphorylation and hyperphosphorylation which were later considered for docking with micro-tubules (βα subunits-inter dimer) and vinblastine.

Phosphorylated tau protein interacts with both α- and β subunits. But stronger bonding was with α- compared to β subunits. Regarding β subunit, proline rich loop and projection domain actively participated in tau binding. Interestingly, hyperphosphorylation of tau increases MAP domain flexibility which ultimately results in tau detachment, the main reason behind tangle formation in Alzheimer's disease.

This study being the first of its kind emphasizes the role of projection domain and proline rich region of β-subunit in stabilizing the tau-tubulin interaction and also the effect of hyperphosphorylation in protein-protein and protein-drug binding.
This study being the first of its kind emphasizes the role of projection domain and proline rich region of β-subunit in stabilizing the tau-tubulin interaction and also the effect of hyperphosphorylation in protein-protein and protein-drug binding.
The prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in developing countries is on the rise, owing to rapidly changing lifestyle. Therefore, it is imperative that the underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms be understood to develop specific treatment strategies. Comprehensive disease network and Gene Ontology (GO) studies aid in prioritizing potential candidate genes for CAD and also give insights into gene function by establishing gene and disease pathway relationships.

In the present study, CAD-associated genes were collated from different data sources and protein-protein interaction network was constructed using STRING. Highly interconnected network clusters were inferred and GO analysis was performed.

Interrelation between genes and pathways were analyzed on ClueGO and 38 candidates were identified from 1475 CAD-associated genes, which were significantly enriched in CAD-related pathways such as metabolism and regulation of lipid molecules, platelet activation, macrophage derived foam cell differentiation, and blood coagulation and fibrin clot formation.

Integrated network and ontology analysis enables biomarker prioritization for common complex diseases such as CAD. Experimental validation and future studies on the prioritized genes may reveal valuable insights into CAD development mechanism and targeted treatment strategies.
Integrated network and ontology analysis enables biomarker prioritization for common complex diseases such as CAD. Experimental validation and future studies on the prioritized genes may reveal valuable insights into CAD development mechanism and targeted treatment strategies.
Metallic nanoparticles are useful materials to be applied in biomedical research. see more In this study, the possible apoptotic and anti-metastatic activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnONPs) was assessed in breast cancer cells.

First,
cell viability was investigated by MTT assay in two human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and T47D) and normal Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK293) cells at 37°
overnight. Apoptosis induced by ZnONPs was evaluated by annexin V/PI staining, cell cycle analysis and caspase assay in cancerous cells. Moreover, quantitative real-time PCR was employed for the detection of two metastasis suppressor genes (
and
) expression in cancerous cells.

Data demonstrated that ZnONPs exert a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the viability of T47D and MCF-7 cells, while no cytotoxic effect was observed on normal HEK293 cells. The mRNA expression levels of
and non-metastatic protein (
) genes were up-regulated in ZnONP-exposed cancerous cells. ZnONPs were also found to enhance the apoptosis properties of cells by annexin V/PI staining, and caspase assay in cancerous cells.
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