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IGF-1 receptor can be involved in the regulatory results of icariin and icaritin throughout astrocytes beneath basal conditions and after a great -inflammatory concern.
The hypothesis explains in considerable detail how the binding of Ca2+ to a β-catalytic site (site 3) in the F1 portion of ATP synthase triggers the opening of the PTP/MMC. It is also shown to connect to longstanding proposals within Nath's torsional mechanism of energy transduction and ATP synthesis as to how the binding of MgADP to site 3 does not induce PTP/MMC, but instead catalyzes physiological ATP synthesis in cell life. In the author's knowledge, this is the first model that explains how Ca2+ transforms the FOF1-ATP synthase from an exquisite energy-conserving enzyme in cell life into an energy-dissipating structure that promotes cell death. This has major implications for basic as well as for clinical research, such as for the development of drugs that target the MPT, given the established role of PTP/MMC dysregulation in cancer, ischemia, cardiac hypertrophy, and various neurodegenerative diseases.The article considers, on the basis of analysis of declassified archival documents, issue of the Soviet government regulating price of penicillin in the second half of the 1940s in conditions of continuing drug shortage. The factors that affected formation of selling and retail prices of antibiotic are considered. Based on the calculation of cost of treatment of a number of nosologies in different age groups and comparing it with the level of income of the population, the conclusion is derived that real availability of antibiotics for population in the USSR was achieved by early 1950s.On the eve of the 75th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War, one should recall the great neurosurgeon, scientist, organizer of military medical science, founder of prominent scientific school, academician N. N. Burdenko. His first experience as direct participant in warfare occurred in 1904 when he was medical student. He went through four wars being permanently at the front line. He carried out extremely complicated surgery operations, improved medical care and organized evacuation of the wounded. During the Great Patriotic War 1941 -1945, he, being the chief surgeon of the Red Army, headed all activities of organization of surgical care, came out to the troops, trained military surgeons to emergency interventions, developed teaching of wound, developed methods of surgical treatment of blood vessels, traumatic shock, introduced application of antibiotics (penicillin and gramicidin), developed methods of surgical treatment of oncologic diseases of central and vegetative nervous system, improved technique of surgical interventions on spinal cord roots as well as on cerebellum, bulbectomy operations, etc. selleck inhibitor The academician N. N. Burdenko as Stalin Prize laureate, became one of founders and the first President of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences. The contribution of academician N. N. Burdenko in the cause of victory in The Great Patriotic War is priceless.The article presents the results of study concerning improving medical care quality in rural areas. The purpose was to investigate the characteristics of medical personnel training in the framework of the "Zemstvo Doctor" program. The activities of the University were analyzed concerning implementation of professional training of medical personnel and including continuing medical education. To achieve this goal, efficiency of educational programs development considering contribution of the "Zemstvo doctor" program implementation was evaluated. The study was carried out in 2013-2019 on the basis of the Medical Institute of Belgorod State National Research University. The structured interview was applied as methodology of collecting primary data. The fact of decreasing of medical profession prestige that occurs against the background of implementation of the state program "Zemstvo Doctor" was established. The overcoming of this situation is necessary to improve medical care quality in rural areas. The focusing on existing regional features of medical care support and taking into account characteristics of health of population are required. In this respect the key factor is the training of rural physicians to employ high-tech technologies, including digital simulation and telecommunications equipment. The relevance of the state program "Zemstvo Doctor" is obvious, but the medical education system has no official instructions concerning the need of correcting educational programs. The efficiency of changes applied to educational programs was determined by subjective assessment of the need and the clinical experience of physicians-lecturers who are involved in resolving scientific and practical problems of health care in rural areas.The problem of physicians-paramedical personnel interaction has long history. There are such reasons for misunderstanding as actual stereotypes and arrogant attitude on the part of physicians, low assessment of medical nurse professional activities, gender inequality. The system of medical care becomes more complicated depending on advanced technologies, sophisticated specialization and disregard to human personality relations that complicates adaptation of specialists and team relationships. Therefore, it is important that all participants in patient medical care understand their individual roles and responsibilities, and realize their functions and actions affect all team members. The increasing tension within team results in decreasing in medical care quality and undermines confidence of patients to medical and paramedical personnel. These misunderstandings contribute to current shortage of nursing staff in Russia. The ways of resolving the "eternal conflict" based on national and international researchers experience are proposed.The article discusses such issues of current state of staffing in medical sector as availability of health care system specialists, training programs for applicants to medical educational organizations and post-graduate programs for specialists, professional motivation and job prospects for graduates, prospects for development of medical education and training. In addition to professional sphere, modern health care system is also a market for medical services, which, according to expert estimates, is about 10 trillion US dollars per year. The participants in the field of medical services are not only organizations that provide medical care, but also manufacturers of medical equipment and medications. The medical sphere can't to effectively develop isolated from social structure. The staffing in medical field requires, along with professional motivation and job prospects in order to attract specialists in the field of medicine, and provide social support for their retention. The students entering medical university need decent salary after graduation and favorable conditions for further progression in professional field.
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