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ADHD Symptoms and Treatment in Adults
Many adults discover that they struggle to keep up with their daily activities, often experiencing frustration and mood swings. If you think you may have ADHD, consult your primary care provider or an expert in mental health for an assessment.
The criteria for determining adult ADHD is similar to the criteria used for children ADHD: symptoms must be evident over 6 months and not better explained by medical disorders or conditions.
Attention-deficit Signs and symptoms
Adults suffering from ADHD typically have difficulty to keep up with school, at work, or with household chores. They often miss appointments and don't pay their bills on time, and have trouble maintaining relationships with friends and family. They are more likely than other people to lose possessions, or make careless errors that could have grave consequences.
Talk to your health care provider if you are having difficulty keeping the track of your work or personal matters. Your primary care doctor will assess your situation and refer you to a mental health professional should it be necessary.
Inattentive ADHD is often misunderstood. People who suffer from inattentive ADHD are not always attentive when speaking to. They are easily distracted or get distracted by irrelevant thoughts. They may have trouble staying on task, make mistakes or struggle to follow instructions. They also have trouble keeping their hands from their face or appearing unsteady or fidgety.
Inattention to symptoms can cause a drop in performance at school or at work which can lead to frustration and shame for those affected. They can also cause issues in relationships with family, friends and co-workers.
Health professionals identify ADHD through a medical assessment, which involves interviewing the person and analyzing their past behavior. They may ask the individual to complete the symptom checklist and perform medical tests in order to rule out other conditions that exhibit similar symptoms. Symptoms of ADHD must be present consistently before age 12 in order for the diagnosis to be made.
Adults who suffer from inattention ADHD may benefit from psychotherapy and lifestyle changes to manage their symptoms. These treatments include therapy with medication, behavioral therapy and psychoeducation for families. Psychotherapy is a type of therapy that helps patients learn new attitudes, skills and ways of communicating with others. Psychotherapy can teach strategies that will decrease self-destructive and impulsive behaviors as well as improve organizational skills and increase confidence.
People with inattention ADHD might find it helpful to discuss their struggles with a trusted friend, family member or therapist. Teachers or supervisors, as well as colleagues may be able to offer accommodations. Accommodations are modifications and tools to the environment that enable a person with disabilities to complete tasks just like everyone else. For example the person who is short can utilize the step stool.
Hyperactive symptoms
The symptoms of this type of ADHD may look different in adults compared to children. While children might be agitated, irritable and agitated the symptoms of adults tend to be more subtle. They may forget tasks, lose track of or place and make careless errors. They might also feel stimulated and have trouble sitting still, even when eating a meal or in class. They may interrupt other students or mutter answers before they've been asked an answer, or aren't able to wait their turn in conversations or games.
There are a variety of conditions that can cause these symptoms. To determine the cause of symptoms and the most effective treatment, a complete mental health assessment is needed. This could include psychotherapy, medication and lifestyle adjustments. These could include a healthier diet, exercise and sleep schedules. This can be done by adjusting school or work assignments and using assistive tools like calendars, planners, and smartphone apps.
If you suspect you might have ADHD, your first step is to discuss your concerns with your family physician or primary care doctor. There are some tips for talking with your health care provider about mental health issues in the NIMH's How to Talk to Your Health Care Provider fact sheet.
To be considered to have ADHD the symptoms must appear in at least two different settings and have an impact on everyday life. For Read the Full Guide to qualify they must have been present for at least six months. Your provider will evaluate you to see if you have the inattentive or hyperactive/impulsive symptoms of ADHD.
There are medications that can assist you in managing your ADHD symptoms in addition to lifestyle modifications and accommodations. These are referred to as stimulants. They work by reorganizing the brain's signals that influence your mood and attention, as well as your behavior. Your doctor will give you the right dosage and will be able to keep track of your response. You might be prescribed non-stimulant medication when you experience adverse reactions or if a stimulant doesn't work. They are also combined with stimulants to increase the effectiveness.
Impulsive Symptoms
Everybody loses keys or a phone from time to time however for those who suffer from inattention ADHD, these little distractions are more of an issue. People with inattentive ADHD have a tougher task of focusing on tasks, arranging their material and completing projects. As adults, this can result in a myriad of tasks that are not completed at the home: unpaid bills, unkempt homes and the vegetable garden that has been planted but never tended to.
The impulsive symptoms of ADHD can create problems in many areas of life, but especially with relationships. People who have hyperactive ADHD are often overwhelmed and want instant gratification. They may be impulsive and enter social situations without thinking ahead or take risks that can result in negative consequences. In addition, impulsive people might react in a stressful or emotional situations. For instance, a person may become extremely angry or defensive in arguments with friends or family.
A health care professional with a specialization in mental disorders will review the medical background of a patient and conduct an examination to determine ADHD. The doctor will inquire about the symptoms and how they impact your relationships at work, in your family, and at home. To be diagnosed with any type of ADHD, a patient must exhibit at least six of the nine major symptoms. The symptoms must also hinder daily functioning and last for at minimum six months (American Psychological Association, 2000).
The most effective treatment for ADHD is psychostimulants, which are drugs which target the way that certain chemicals interact with the brain to regulate behavior. The most commonly used stimulant is methylphenidate. It was originally developed to treat ADHD in children. It is essential to speak with your physician regarding your medication if you are suffering from other health issues like depression or high blood pressure. In addition to medicines, psychotherapy may help reduce the symptoms of distraction and impulsivity. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is focused on teaching people to recognize the automatic or irrational thoughts that can trigger negative behaviors and to develop strategies for self-regulation.
Combination symptoms
Adults who experienced ADHD as children might experience symptoms that return in adulthood. They may experience mild, moderate or even severe symptoms that interfere with work, school and social interactions. Other mental health issues, such as anxiety or depression, could also require treatment. Adults may also suffer from difficulties with learning, making it difficult to comprehend or follow directions in offices and classrooms.
The symptoms of the inattentive form of ADHD aren't as easy to see in adults however, they can influence how people perform at home and work. This type of ADHD can make it difficult for people to stay focused during business meetings or classes at college. They might also have trouble keeping up with their assignments and work. They may forget deadlines or appointments, and lose the track of their belongings. They may also have difficulty keeping track of conversations or listening to music. They tend to be more easily distracted by the activities or people surrounding them than other people.
Hyperactive-impulsive ADHD symptoms are more common in adults than the inattentive type of the disorder, but they can be difficult to diagnose in adults, too. The American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM-IV TR) has a diagnostic criteria which includes symptoms that manifest at the age of 12 and occur in multiple settings and cause impairment in a variety of areas like school or in relationships.
To qualify for a diagnosis of hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, people must have six or more symptoms that have persisted for at least six months. The symptoms must have begun before the age of 12 years old. They must persist at home, at school, and in other social and work situations.
Researchers are studying the effects of environmental and genetic factors that may be involved in the development of ADHD. Studies suggest that the brains of those who suffer from ADHD are unable to regulate certain chemicals, including neurotransmitters that control attention, mood and behavior.
If you have signs of ADHD you should talk to your primary care physician. Your doctor can do an examination and refer you to an expert in mental health care to do an evaluation. Psychotherapy and medications are usually employed to treat ADHD, including stimulants that increase the levels of certain brain chemicals. Read the Full Guide include amphetamines and methylphenidate. Tell your doctor about all other medications you take such as vitamins or supplements. The FDA's medication website has information about approved medications along with warnings and patient guides.
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