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This study focused on the hybrid-volumetric modulated arc therapy (hVMAT) for stage I esophageal cancer and compared the effects on dose distribution induced by changes in the ratio of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) to VMAT.

Fifteen patients who underwent 3DCRT for cT1bN0M0 esophageal cancer at Kanagawa Cancer Center from January 2014 to April 2019 were included in the study. The dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters of the target volume and normal organs were evaluated in the 3DCRT, hVMAT, and VMAT treatment plans.

The homogeneity index of the target volume was significantly lower for hVMAT. In hVMAT, as the ratio of VMAT increased, the volume of low-dose region in the heart and lung increased, whereas the volume of the middle- to high-dose region decreased. As the ratio of VMAT increased, the mean dose in the heart decreased, whereas the mean dose in the lung increased.

Favorable dose concentration was obtained for the target volume in hVMAT for stage I esophageal cancer. Altering the ratio of VMAT significantly changed the DVH parameters in normal organs.
Favorable dose concentration was obtained for the target volume in hVMAT for stage I esophageal cancer. Altering the ratio of VMAT significantly changed the DVH parameters in normal organs.
Endoluminal self-expanding metallic stents (SEMS) may overcome the risk of mortality and morbidity of acute intestinal obstruction because of stage IV colon (CC) or rectal (RC) cancer. We evaluated the QoL in these groups of patients.

Forty-eight patients were enrolled in a prospective longitudinal cohort single-center trial to undergo SEMS positioning. Twenty-five patients had a CC and 23 RC. Karnofsky performance scale, Visual Analogue Scale and the EQ-5D- 5L™ questionnaire were administered before treatment and at 1, 3 and 6 months.

Harmonized to the Italian population, the index values showed a statistically significant deterioration of the QoL in patients with RC when compared to those with CC at 1-, 3- and 6-months (1 month p=0.001; 3- month p=0.001; 6-month p=0.045). Similarly, Visual Analogue Scale showed variations at 1- (p=0.008), 3- (p=0.001) and 6-months (p=0.020). GSK J1 manufacturer Rectal stent deployment was the only independent predictor for a worse QoL in all domains (p<0.017; OR=0.196; 95%CI=0.51-0.749).

Patients affected with stage IV CC had a better QoL after SEMS placement when compared to those affected with RC. The persistency of the primary tumor at the rectal level, even if irradiated, might negatively affect QoL.
Patients affected with stage IV CC had a better QoL after SEMS placement when compared to those affected with RC. The persistency of the primary tumor at the rectal level, even if irradiated, might negatively affect QoL.
To assess the prognostic relevance of volume-based parameters [whole body (wb)-metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and wb-total lesion glycolysis (TLG)] of pretreatment PET/CT in patients with potentially platinum-responsive recurrent ovarian cancer.

This retrospective investigation analyzed 67 patients at first relapse.

At univariate analysis, post-relapse survival and overall survival correlated with residual disease after primary surgery (RD) (p=0.015 and 0.049, respectively), time to recurrence (p=0.005 and p=0.0003), number of recurrence sites (p=0.001 and p=0.0005), treatment at recurrence (p=0.044 and 0.043) and wb-MTV (p=0.023 and 0.021) but not with wb-TLG. RD, time to recurrence and number of recurrence sites, but not wb-MTV, were independent prognostic variables for post-relapse survival, and time to recurrence and number of recurrence sites, but not wb-MTV, were independent prognostic factors for overall survival.

Volume-based parameters of PET/CT are not independent predictors of clinical outcome in potentially platinum-responsive recurrent ovarian cancer.
Volume-based parameters of PET/CT are not independent predictors of clinical outcome in potentially platinum-responsive recurrent ovarian cancer.
To identify prognostic imaging biomarkers from staging chest computed tomography (CT) in patients with sarcomas.

CT scans for baseline staging, and surveillance 1-year CT scans in patients newly diagnosed with sarcoma were evaluated. Pectoralis muscle area (PMA), pectoralis muscle index (PMI) and pectoralis CT attenuation density (PMT) were measured. Cox proportional-hazard models were used to determine the association with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

There were 147 patients (53.1% male) who were followed for a median 1,414 days (range=219-4851 days). Approximately 47.6% (70/147) of patients progressed and 29.9% (44/147) died. Multivariable Cox-proportional hazards models adjusting for gender, tumor grade and chemotherapy treatment showed that a higher baseline PMT and baseline PMI were associated with increased OS.

Higher baseline PMI and PMT are associated with increased overall survival in patients with sarcoma.
Higher baseline PMI and PMT are associated with increased overall survival in patients with sarcoma.
Methionine addiction is a general and fundamental hallmark of cancer due to the excess use of methionine for transmethylation reactions, termed the "Hoffman Effect". Methionine addiction has been shown to be a highly-effective target for cancer therapy by methionine restriction with oral recombinant methioninase (o-rMETase) in preclinical studies, including patient- derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse models of cancer. A clinical study of o-rMETase as a supplement showed a 70% reduction of PSA levels in a patient with bone-metastatic prostate cancer.

In the present study, two advanced prostate-cancer patients took o-rMETase as a supplement for approximately one month.

One of the patients taking o-rMETase showed a 38% reduction of PSA levels and the second patient showed a 20% PSA reduction.

o-rMETase shows promise for treating patients with advanced prostate cancer.
o-rMETase shows promise for treating patients with advanced prostate cancer.
This comparative plan study examines a range of boost-radiation methods in adjuvant radiotherapy of breast cancer using helical intensity-modulated radiotherapy with TomoEdge-technique. Impact of hypofractionated radiation with simultaneous-integrated boost (SIB) and influence of differing assumed α/β-values were examined.

For 10 patients with left-sided breast cancer each four helical IMRT-plans with TomoEdge-technique were created hypofractionated+SIB (H-SIB) (42.4/54.4 Gy, 16 fractions), normofractionated+SIB (N-SIB) (50.4/64.4 Gy, 28 fractions), hypofractionated+sequential-boost (H-SB) (42.4 Gy/16 fractions+16 Gy/8 fractions), normofractionated+ sequential-boost (N-SB) (50.4 Gy/28 fractions+16 Gy/8 fractions). Equivalent doses (EQD
) to organs-at-risk (OAR) and irradiated mammary-gland were analysed for different assumed α/β-values.

The mean EQD
to OAR was significantly lower using hypofractionated radiation-techniques. H-SIB and H-SB were not significantly different. H-SIB and N-SIB conformed significantly better to the breast planning-target volume (PTV) and boost-volume (BV) than H-SB and N-SB.
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