Notes

Arterial Infusion Radiation treatment for Neoplastic Esophagogastric Anastomotic Strictures After Esophagectomy.
137Cs is one of the most hazardous radionuclides in nuclear waste owing to its toxicity. Developing an adsorbent for Cs+ with a high capacity and selectivity is a challenging task. Cyclopamine A metal-organic framework (MOF) is a material with a high surface area that has been widely applied in wastewater treatment. Exploiting the affinity between ferrocyanide (FC) and Cs+, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) was chemically functionalized with FC, ZIF-8-FC to selectively capture Cs+. After functionalization, ZIF-8-FC has a hollow morphology and small FC related crystals, which might result in better migration of Cs+ inside ZIF-8-FC. This synergistic effect was proven by the Qmax of ZIF-8-FC, 422.42 mg g-1, which is 15.9 times higher than that of ZIF-8. Additionally, ZIF-8-FC retained its good adsorption performance within a pH range of 3-11 and an excellent Cs+ selectivity even in artificial seawater conditions. The structure of ZIF-8-FC after adsorption proves its stability. Furthermore, the thermodynamic adsorption implied that higher temperatures are more favorable for Cs+ uptake. This work demonstrates the remarkable adsorption and selectivity of ZIF-8-FC, which make it a promising candidate for remediation of radioactive Cs+.Herein, bismuth molybdate (Bi2MoO6) nanocatalysts containing oxygen vacancies (OVs) are found to considerably promote the photocatalytic performance toward oxidative coupling of benzylamine to N-benzylidenebenzylamine under visible light irradiation. The structure-activity relationship for this interesting catalyst is revealed for the first time. The oxygen-deficient Bi2MoO6 nanoplatelets (BMO-NPs) are synthesized using ethylene glycol-ethanol solvent mixture as a reaction medium in solvothermal method. A comparison with hydrothermally prepared Bi2MoO6 square-like sheets (BMO-SHs) suggests that the nanoplatelets are much smaller in size and contain higher amount of OVs. Benzylamine conversion over the BMO-NPs is ca. 4.0 times higher than that over the BMO-SHs and ca. 3.8 and ca. 34.6 times higher than that over the commercial benchmark TiO2 P25 and BiVO4 catalysts, respectively. The BMO-NPs achieve more than 80% product yield within 2 h of irradiation regardless of substituents of benzylamine derivatives. The enhanced activity of BMO-NPs is due to synergistic roles of high surface-to-volume ratio and OVs, providing enlarged active area, extended light absorption range and improved charge separation and transfer efficiency as evidenced from UV-vis DRS, BET surface area, photocurrent response, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and time-resolved fluorescence decay measurements. EPR-trapping and radical scavenging experiments indicate O2- as a main active species rather than 1O2 and a plausible imine formation mechanism via O2--assisted charge transfer is proposed accordingly. The work offers an alternative facile preparation method to design efficient semiconductor photocatalysts and for the first time reveals a possible benzylamine coupling mechanism over the oxygen-deficient Bi2MoO6 nanocatalyst.A one-pot solvothermal strategy and subsequent calcination were proposed for fabricating a composite of NiO nanoparticles on hexagonal Ni-based metal-organic framework (Ni-MOF) (Ni-MOF@NiO). The prepared NiO nanoparticles on the hexagonal Ni-MOF not only improves the electrical conductivity and increases redox active sites, but also prevents the agglomeration of NiO nanoparticles. In particular, highly dispersed and small-sized NiO nanoparticles on the hexagonal Ni-MOF facilitates the migration of electrolyte ions, and the pseudocapacitive performance is evaluated through electrochemical measurements. At 0.5 A g-1, the Ni-MOF@NiO composite shows a specific capacitance of up to 1192.7 F g-1 and a high capacity retention (93.23% over 5000 cycles) in 3 M KOH. Moreover, the Ni-MOF@NiO nanoparticles and activated carbon are assembled into aqueous devices with a maximum energy density of 62.2 Wh kg-1. These results indicate the potential of Ni-MOF@NiO composite as an electrode material for application in supercapacitors. Additionally, the method of synthesizing Ni-MOF@NiO in this study can be used to synthesize other MOF@metal oxide materials for electrochemical energy storage and other related applications.Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) induced by largely enhanced electromagnetic (EM) field provides a solid and promising avenue for ultrasensitive molecular detection. Here, a confined Gaussian-distributed EM field for SERS fiber probe with two influencing factors (localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of silver and waveguide propagation of optical fiber) are proposed for the first time. SERS fiber probes with high sensitivity and good reproducibility were synthesized via a novel SnCl2 sensitization aided solvothermal method. The influencing factors and EM field distribution are investigated experimentally and theoretically. The LSPR-induced EM enhancement is observed. By introducing a sensitization procedure, silver particles show smaller sizes and narrower interparticle gaps, significantly influencing the LSPR and EM enhancement of the SERS fiber probe. Moreover, a unique waveguide-propagation-induced EM enhancement is brought up. Waveguide propagation modes of optical fibers influence the intensity and enhancement area of EM field. Further, the EM field distribution of SERS fiber probe is studied. It exhibits a concentrically-increased intensity gradient that is confined in core area with maximum enhancement at fiber core center. This confined Gaussian-distributed configuration of EM field on SERS fiber probe facet is induced by the LSPR of plasmons and waveguide propagation of optical fiber.
Quantitative characterization of surface wettability through contact angle (CA) measurement using the sessile droplet (SD) or captive bubble (CB) methods is often limited by the intrinsic wetting properties of the substrate. Situations may arise when an extreme surface wettability may preclude using one of the two methods for predicting the behaviors of droplets or bubbles on the surface. This warrants a relationship between the dynamic CAs measured via the SD and CB methods. While the two dynamic CAs (e.g., the advancing CA of SD and receding CA of CB) add up to 180° on a smooth surface, the simple geometric supplementary principle may not apply for rough surfaces.

We perform a systematic wettability characterization of solid substrates with varying degrees of roughness using the sessile-droplet and captive-bubble methods, and interpret the experimental observations using a theoretical model.

The dynamic contact angles measured by the sessile-droplet and captive-bubble methods deviate from the supplementary principle as the surface roughness is increased.
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