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Results should be considered preliminary and exploratory until replicated.
The lower placebo response rate in the melancholic subgroup is consistent with past research and reinforces the benefit of pharmacotherapy for these patients.
The lower placebo response rate in the melancholic subgroup is consistent with past research and reinforces the benefit of pharmacotherapy for these patients.
Depression in childhood frequently involves significant impairment, comorbidity, stress, and mental health problems within the family. Family-Focused Treatment for Childhood Depression (FFT-CD) is a 15-session developmentally-informed, evidence-based intervention targeting family interactions to enhance resiliency within the family system to improve and manage childhood depression.
We present the conceptual framework underlying FFT-CD, the treatment development process, the intervention strategies, a case illustration, and efficacy data from a recent 2-site randomized clinical trial (N=134) of 7-14 year old children randomly assigned to FFT-CD or individual supportive psychotherapy (IP) conditions.
Compared to children randomized to IP, those randomized to FFT-CD showed higher rates of depression response (≥50% Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised reduction) across the course of acute treatment (77.7% vs. 59.9%, t=1.97, p=.0498). The rate of improvement overall leveled off following treatment withand reduce risk over time.
This study examined measurement variance for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale - Parent Form (SCAS-P; Spence, 1999). In addition, we developed and evaluated a new parent report measure for anxiety (Macquarie Anxiety Behavioural Scale; MABS).
The sample consisted of 734 parents of children aged 3-19 years (i) who were seeking help for their child's anxiety, (ii) who had received a diagnosis of ASD, or (iii) from the community.
Evidence for measurement variance of the SCAS-P and MABS was found, revealing different factor structures between the ASD and non-ASD groups. MIMIC modelling showed that the scales performed significantly different across ASD and non-ASD groups. Differential item functioning on a number of the SCAS-P and MABS items was also found.
This study relied on parent report of symptoms and of community acquired diagnoses of ASD.
The MABS is a new parent measure to assess anxiety in children and adolescents and the proposed factor structure produced a reasonably good fit for the data. Similar to the SCAS-P, ASD was found to impact on some of the MABS items indicating that ASD influences parental responding. Telotristat Etiprate ic50 Eighteen MABS items showed measurement invariance across the anxious and ASD groups and can be considered suitable items for the assessment of anxiety in ASD.
The MABS is a new parent measure to assess anxiety in children and adolescents and the proposed factor structure produced a reasonably good fit for the data. Similar to the SCAS-P, ASD was found to impact on some of the MABS items indicating that ASD influences parental responding. Eighteen MABS items showed measurement invariance across the anxious and ASD groups and can be considered suitable items for the assessment of anxiety in ASD.
Previous studies demonstrated positive relations between various forms of maltreatment and suicidal ideation in youth; however, mechanisms underlying these relationships are not well understood. We propose that the experience of maltreatment in childhood may lead to high levels of generalized guilt and shame, resulting in an increase of depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts in adolescents. The aim of the current study was to test our model of relations between these constructs using path analysis.
112 inpatient adolescents aged 12-17 years completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire to measure various types of maltreatment, the Personal Feelings Questionnaire to evaluate generalized guilt and shame, the Beck Depression Inventory-II to assess depressive symptoms, and the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale to assess suicidal ideation.
Findings partly confirmed the theoretical model. Indirect positive effects of sexual and emotional abuse, as well as emotional and physical neglect on suicidal ideaets for interventions for victims of some forms of maltreatment to reduce depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation.
Little is known about the long-term outcomes of repeated ketamine infusions for depression. We conducted a retrospective chart review to investigate outcomes of maintenance intravenous ketamine treatment at Massachusetts General Hospital.
Eighty-five patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) who started intravenous ketamine from October 2018 to November 2019 were examined. Symptom severity was evaluated with the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report scale (QIDS-SR
) at every visit prior to administration. The initial ketamine dose was usually 0.5 mg/kg infused over 40min. Intravenous ketamine was administered twice-weekly for three weeks in an induction phase, followed by maintenance with a variable administration schedule and dose. Response was defined as a ≥50% reduction in total QIDS-SR
score from baseline.
Forty (47.1%) of the 85 patients who started treatment discontinued during or right after the induction phase; 3 (3.5%) were still on induction at the time of this report, and 42 (49.4%) transitioned to maintenance after completing induction. Among these patients, 14 (16.5%) discontinued during maintenance and 28 (32.9%) continued on maintenance. The mean ketamine dosage during maintenance was 0.91±0.28 mg/kg. Fifteen out of 82 patients (18.3%) responded to induction treatment and 6 (7.3%) remained in responder status at the time of data analysis during maintenance. Three patients discontinued ketamine due to side-effects.
Despite the apparently low response rate in QIDS-SR
scores and considerable out-of-pocket costs, almost half of real-world outpatients with TRD decided to continue with maintenance ketamine treatment due to perceived significant improvement.
Despite the apparently low response rate in QIDS-SR16 scores and considerable out-of-pocket costs, almost half of real-world outpatients with TRD decided to continue with maintenance ketamine treatment due to perceived significant improvement.
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