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5 The 5 Reasons Free Evolution Can Be A Beneficial Thing
What is Free Evolution?

Free evolution is the idea that the natural processes that organisms go through can lead them to evolve over time. This includes the appearance and growth of new species.

This has been demonstrated by numerous examples, including stickleback fish varieties that can live in saltwater or fresh water and walking stick insect types that have a preference for particular host plants. These reversible traits can't, however, be the reason for fundamental changes in body plans.

Evolution through Natural Selection

The development of the myriad of living organisms on Earth is an enigma that has intrigued scientists for decades. Charles Darwin's natural selection is the most well-known explanation. This process occurs when people who are more well-adapted survive and reproduce more than those who are less well-adapted. Over 에볼루션바카라 , the population of well-adapted individuals becomes larger and eventually develops into a new species.

Natural selection is a cyclical process that involves the interaction of three elements: variation, inheritance and reproduction. Mutation and sexual reproduction increase genetic diversity in an animal species. Inheritance refers the transmission of a person's genetic characteristics, which includes both dominant and recessive genes and their offspring. Reproduction is the process of generating fertile, viable offspring. This can be done via sexual or asexual methods.

Natural selection is only possible when all these elements are in balance. For instance when the dominant allele of the gene causes an organism to survive and reproduce more often than the recessive one, the dominant allele will be more common in the population. However, if the gene confers a disadvantage in survival or reduces fertility, it will be eliminated from the population. The process is self reinforcing, which means that an organism with an adaptive trait will live and reproduce much more than those with a maladaptive feature. The higher the level of fitness an organism has which is measured by its ability to reproduce and survive, is the more offspring it will produce. Individuals with favorable traits, like the long neck of the giraffe, or bright white patterns on male peacocks, are more likely than others to survive and reproduce and eventually lead to them becoming the majority.

Natural selection is an aspect of populations and not on individuals. This is a major distinction from the Lamarckian theory of evolution, which states that animals acquire characteristics by use or inactivity. For instance, if a Giraffe's neck grows longer due to stretching to reach prey, its offspring will inherit a more long neck. The difference in neck size between generations will continue to grow until the giraffe is no longer able to breed with other giraffes.

Evolution by Genetic Drift

In the process of genetic drift, alleles within a gene can attain different frequencies in a group by chance events. In the end, only one will be fixed (become common enough to no longer be eliminated by natural selection) and the other alleles decrease in frequency. This can result in dominance in extreme. The other alleles have been essentially eliminated and heterozygosity has been reduced to a minimum. In a small population this could result in the total elimination of recessive alleles. This scenario is called the bottleneck effect and is typical of an evolutionary process that occurs when the number of individuals migrate to form a group.

A phenotypic bottleneck can also occur when the survivors of a catastrophe like an outbreak or mass hunt incident are concentrated in a small area. The survivors will carry an allele that is dominant and will have the same phenotype. This could be caused by war, earthquake, or even a plague. The genetically distinct population, if left vulnerable to genetic drift.

Walsh Lewens, Walsh, and Ariew define drift as a departure from expected values due to differences in fitness. They provide a well-known example of twins that are genetically identical and have identical phenotypes, and yet one is struck by lightening and dies while the other lives and reproduces.

This type of drift can play a very important part in the evolution of an organism. However, it's not the only method to develop. The main alternative is a process known as natural selection, in which the phenotypic variation of the population is maintained through mutation and migration.

Stephens asserts that there is a significant difference between treating the phenomenon of drift as a force, or an underlying cause, and treating other causes of evolution, such as mutation, selection and migration as causes or causes. He claims that a causal-process model of drift allows us to separate it from other forces, and this differentiation is crucial. He also argues that drift has a direction: that is it tends to reduce heterozygosity, and that it also has a size, that is determined by population size.

Evolution by Lamarckism

Biology students in high school are often introduced to Jean-Baptiste Lemarck's (1744-1829) work. His theory of evolution is often referred to as "Lamarckism" and it states that simple organisms develop into more complex organisms via the inheritance of traits that are a result of an organism's natural activities, use and disuse. Lamarckism can be demonstrated by the giraffe's neck being extended to reach higher levels of leaves in the trees. This could cause the necks of giraffes that are longer to be passed on to their offspring who would grow taller.

Lamarck Lamarck, a French zoologist, presented an innovative idea in his opening lecture at the Museum of Natural History of Paris. He challenged conventional wisdom on organic transformation. According to him living things evolved from inanimate matter through an escalating series of steps. Lamarck was not the only one to suggest that this could be the case but his reputation is widely regarded as having given the subject its first general and comprehensive analysis.

The popular narrative is that Lamarckism was an opponent to Charles Darwin's theory of evolutionary natural selection and both theories battled it out in the 19th century. Darwinism ultimately won, leading to what biologists refer to as the Modern Synthesis. The theory denies that acquired characteristics are passed down from generation to generation and instead argues organisms evolve by the selective action of environment factors, including Natural Selection.

Lamarck and his contemporaries believed in the idea that acquired characters could be passed on to future generations. However, this notion was never a central part of any of their theories on evolution. This is largely due to the fact that it was never tested scientifically.

However, it has been more than 200 years since Lamarck was born and in the age of genomics there is a huge body of evidence supporting the heritability of acquired traits. This is often referred to as "neo-Lamarckism" or more frequently epigenetic inheritance. It is a variant of evolution that is just as valid as the more well-known neo-Darwinian model.

Evolution by Adaptation

One of the most common misconceptions about evolution is being driven by a struggle for survival. This view is inaccurate and ignores other forces driving evolution. The struggle for survival is more effectively described as a struggle to survive in a specific environment, which may involve not only other organisms, but also the physical environment itself.

To understand how evolution works, it is helpful to think about what adaptation is. It refers to a specific feature that allows an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment. It can be a physiological feature, such as feathers or fur or a behavior like moving into shade in hot weather or coming out at night to avoid cold.

The ability of an organism to draw energy from its surroundings and interact with other organisms as well as their physical environment is essential to its survival. The organism needs to have the right genes to create offspring, and it must be able to access sufficient food and other resources. Furthermore, the organism needs to be capable of reproducing at an optimal rate within its environmental niche.

These factors, in conjunction with gene flow and mutations can result in changes in the proportion of different alleles within a population’s gene pool. This shift in the frequency of alleles could lead to the development of new traits, and eventually new species as time passes.


Many of the characteristics we admire in animals and plants are adaptations, for example, the lungs or gills that extract oxygen from the air, feathers or fur for insulation and long legs for running away from predators, and camouflage for hiding. To understand adaptation, it is important to differentiate between physiological and behavioral characteristics.

Physiological adaptations like thick fur or gills are physical characteristics, whereas behavioral adaptations, like the tendency to search for friends or to move to shade in hot weather, aren't. It is important to keep in mind that the absence of planning doesn't make an adaptation. Failure to consider the implications of a choice even if it appears to be rational, could make it unadaptive.

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