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Why Free Evolution Will Be Your Next Big Obsession
What is Free Evolution?

Free evolution is the idea that the natural processes that organisms go through can lead them to evolve over time. This includes the evolution of new species as well as the change in appearance of existing ones.

Many examples have been given of this, such as different kinds of stickleback fish that can live in either fresh or salt water and walking stick insect varieties that prefer specific host plants. These mostly reversible trait permutations, however, cannot explain fundamental changes in basic body plans.

에볼루션게이밍 through Natural Selection

Scientists have been fascinated by the development of all living creatures that live on our planet for ages. Charles Darwin's natural selection is the most well-known explanation. This is because those who are better adapted are able to reproduce faster and longer than those who are less well-adapted. As time passes, the number of individuals who are well-adapted grows and eventually creates a new species.

Natural selection is an ongoing process and involves the interaction of 3 factors including reproduction, variation and inheritance. Sexual reproduction and mutation increase the genetic diversity of the species. Inheritance is the transfer of a person's genetic traits to his or her offspring that includes dominant and recessive alleles. Reproduction is the process of producing viable, fertile offspring. This can be achieved via sexual or asexual methods.

All of these elements have to be in equilibrium to allow natural selection to take place. For example, if the dominant allele of one gene can cause an organism to live and reproduce more frequently than the recessive allele, the dominant allele will be more common in the population. But if the allele confers an unfavorable survival advantage or decreases fertility, it will disappear from the population. The process is self-reinforced, which means that an organism with a beneficial trait will survive and reproduce more than an individual with an unadaptive characteristic. The more offspring an organism can produce the more fit it is, which is measured by its ability to reproduce and survive. Individuals with favorable characteristics, like a longer neck in giraffes and bright white color patterns in male peacocks, are more likely to be able to survive and create offspring, so they will eventually make up the majority of the population over time.

Natural selection is only a force for populations, not on individuals. This is a significant distinction from the Lamarckian theory of evolution, which claims that animals acquire traits through use or neglect. For instance, if a giraffe's neck gets longer through stretching to reach prey and its offspring will inherit a more long neck. The length difference between generations will continue until the giraffe's neck becomes so long that it can no longer breed with other giraffes.

Evolution by Genetic Drift

In genetic drift, the alleles within a gene can reach different frequencies in a group due to random events. At some point, only one of them will be fixed (become widespread enough to not longer be eliminated through natural selection), and the rest of the alleles will decrease in frequency. In the extreme, this leads to one allele dominance. Other alleles have been basically eliminated and heterozygosity has been reduced to a minimum. In a small group this could lead to the complete elimination of recessive gene. This is known as the bottleneck effect. It is typical of an evolution process that occurs when an enormous number of individuals move to form a population.

A phenotypic bottleneck may happen when the survivors of a catastrophe, such as an epidemic or a mass hunt, are confined into a small area. The remaining individuals will be largely homozygous for the dominant allele meaning that they all have the same phenotype and thus have the same fitness characteristics. This could be the result of a war, an earthquake, or even a plague. The genetically distinct population, if it is left susceptible to genetic drift.

Walsh Lewens, Lewens, and Ariew utilize a "purely outcome-oriented" definition of drift as any departure from expected values for different fitness levels. They cite a famous instance of twins who are genetically identical and have identical phenotypes, and yet one is struck by lightening and dies while the other lives and reproduces.

This kind of drift could be crucial in the evolution of the species. But, it's not the only method to progress. Natural selection is the main alternative, in which mutations and migration keep the phenotypic diversity of the population.

Stephens claims that there is a big difference between treating drift as a force, or a cause and considering other causes of evolution such as selection, mutation and migration as forces or causes. He claims that a causal-process account of drift allows us differentiate it from other forces and that this distinction is essential. He also claims that drift is a directional force: that is, it tends to eliminate heterozygosity. He also claims that it also has a size, which is determined by the size of population.

Evolution by Lamarckism

When high school students study biology they are often introduced to the work of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744 - 1829). His theory of evolution, commonly referred to as "Lamarckism, states that simple organisms develop into more complex organisms through inheriting characteristics that are a product of the organism's use and misuse. Lamarckism is usually illustrated with the image of a giraffe extending its neck longer to reach the higher branches in the trees. This causes giraffes' longer necks to be passed to their offspring, who would grow taller.

Lamarck was a French zoologist and, in his inaugural lecture for his course on invertebrate Zoology at the Museum of Natural History in Paris on the 17th May 1802, he presented a groundbreaking concept that radically challenged previous thinking about organic transformation. According to Lamarck, living creatures evolved from inanimate matter by a series of gradual steps. Lamarck was not the only one to suggest that this could be the case but he is widely seen as having given the subject its first general and comprehensive analysis.

The popular narrative is that Lamarckism was a rival to Charles Darwin's theory of evolution through natural selection, and that the two theories fought it out in the 19th century. Darwinism eventually won and led to the development of what biologists refer to as the Modern Synthesis. The theory argues that acquired characteristics can be inherited and instead, it argues that organisms develop through the selective action of environmental factors, such as natural selection.

Lamarck and his contemporaries believed in the notion that acquired characters could be passed on to future generations. However, this concept was never a central part of any of their evolutionary theories. This is largely due to the fact that it was never tested scientifically.

However, it has been more than 200 years since Lamarck was born and, in the age of genomics there is a vast amount of evidence that supports the heritability of acquired traits. 에볼루션카지노 is referred to as "neo Lamarckism", or more often epigenetic inheritance. This is a variant that is as reliable as the popular Neodarwinian model.

Evolution by Adaptation

One of the most popular misconceptions about evolution is its being driven by a struggle for survival. This view is inaccurate and overlooks the other forces that are driving evolution. The fight for survival is better described as a struggle to survive in a particular environment. This can include not only other organisms as well as the physical environment.


To understand how evolution operates it is beneficial to understand what is adaptation. The term "adaptation" refers to any specific feature that allows an organism to live and reproduce in its environment. It can be a physiological structure such as feathers or fur, or a behavioral trait like moving into the shade in the heat or leaving at night to avoid the cold.

The ability of an organism to draw energy from its environment and interact with other organisms and their physical environments, is crucial to its survival. The organism must possess the right genes to produce offspring, and it must be able to find enough food and other resources. The organism must also be able reproduce at an amount that is appropriate for its particular niche.

These factors, along with mutation and gene flow result in changes in the ratio of alleles (different types of a gene) in the population's gene pool. The change in frequency of alleles can result in the emergence of new traits, and eventually, new species over time.

A lot of the traits we admire in animals and plants are adaptations, like the lungs or gills that extract oxygen from the air, fur or feathers for insulation and long legs for running away from predators, and camouflage to hide. However, a proper understanding of adaptation requires attention to the distinction between behavioral and physiological characteristics.

Physical characteristics like thick fur and gills are physical traits. The behavioral adaptations aren't an exception, for instance, the tendency of animals to seek out companionship or retreat into shade during hot temperatures. It is also important to remember that a the absence of planning doesn't result in an adaptation. In fact, failing to consider the consequences of a choice can render it unadaptable, despite the fact that it may appear to be sensible or even necessary.

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