Notes

Central development along with primary composition from paired geochemical along with geophysical limitations.
importance of concerns, more attention should be given to more prospective studies with longer follow-up.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common complex entity that has emerged as a worldwide epidemic and major public health concern. The incidence of MetS often parallels the incidence of obesity and it is even worst among people living with comorbidities like; HIV/AIDS, hypertension, and mental illness. Therefore, there was an urgent need to summarize the extent and risk factors of MetS in Ethiopia.

This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guideline to investigate the prevalence of MetS and contributing factors. English language-based databases (PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, EMBASE, and Cochrane library) were exhaustively searched to identify studies related to the prevalence of MetS. VX-478 A random-effects model was employed to estimate the pooled prevalence of MetS, and it was computed using STATA 16.0 software. Heterogeneity analysis was reported using I
.

A total of 25 studies with 21,431 study participants were included for this systematic review and me syndrome.
Designing mobile-based applications is one of the tools to raise the awareness of patients and the care team. Aim of this study is to identify the data elements of a mobile-based application to overweight and obesity management for children and adolescents from the experts' point of view.

In this descriptive-analytical article, data collection was conducted through library and Internet research. The research population comprised 30 nutritionists selected via simple sampling method. The research instrument was a questionnaire developed by the researcher in four sections demographic data, assessment data, therapeutic recommendations and application capabilities. Validity and reliability were confirmed by Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Delphi method respectively.

The Minimum Data Set (MDS) required for overweight and obesity management in children and adolescents was designed based on the data from the guidelines of the United States, Canada, Australia, Britain, Iran, and experts' opinions. The importance of this MDS suggested was calculated based on the percentage points given by experts for the demographic data of 100%, the assessment data of 88.33%, the therapeutic recommendations of 97.67%, and the application capabilities of 88.94%.

Identifying prevention and control minimum data set of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents from the point of view of experts will be effective in improving the applications in this field. This MDS has two parts of data elements the first for recognition of the framework of evaluating and applying therapeutic methods that can empower parents to manage the child's body mass and the second as a patient's personal record for storage a set of data that can be used by nutritionists in visits to healthcare centers.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-021-00807-1.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-021-00807-1.
Recent trials have demonstrated the possible improvements in lipid profile & anthropometric indices after probiotics supplementation. We aimed to reanalyze the related literature to explore the efficacy of probiotics in Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) patients.

PubMed, Embase, Web of science, google scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched to find the related data on diabetic nephropathy population. All Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effect of probiotics on serum lipid markers (High-Density Lipoprotein [HDL], Triglyceride, Total Cholesterol, TC-to-HDL ratio, Low-Density Lipoprotein, Very Low-Density Lipoprotein) and anthropometric indices (Body Weight, Body Mass Index, waist-to-hip ratio) were included (PROSPERO No.CRD42020186189). Meta-analysis was performed using the random-effect model.

Of 156 studies, seven were eligible for inclusion. Lipid biomarkers had a marginal reduction (except for HDL; WMD = 2.59mg/dl; 95% CI = -0.28, 5.47;
); whereas anthropometric indices increased in a non-significant manner.

There is limited evidence to support the efficacy of probiotics for the modulation of lipid profile and anthropometric indices in DN patients.

Probiotics did not beneficial effect on lipid profile & anthropometric markers in Diabetic Nephropathy; anyway, more trials should be conducted.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-021-00765-8.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-021-00765-8.Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), a chronic neurological complication of diabetes mellitus, remains scantily addressed area of research. Many lacunae in the temporal sequence between cause and effect of DPN still remain unfilled and therefore treatment of DPN remains unsatisfactory. This is largely due to the conventional glucocentric focus to resolve the problem. This focus over hyperglycemia should be shifted to consider, chronic low grade inflammation as the major determinant in DPN. Rapidly emerging evidences from recent studies suggest that chronic low grade inflammation leads to the activation of innate immune system response, loss of insulin signaling and insulin resistance, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial stress, leading to production of kinases like protein kinase C, mitogen activated protein kinase and jun-N-terminal kinase, pro-inflammatory cytokines and inter leukins-1b, 2, 6 and 8, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and other chemokines, leading to DPN. These biomarkers can be early predictors of DPN and therefore should be the focus of work testing their clinical utility to identify high-risk individuals as well as perhaps to target interventions. In this paper, we would like to review all the aspects of DPN, laying greater emphasis on inflammatory biomarkers as a tool for early diagnosis of DPN and the possible research approaches to address it satisfactorily.
Evidence from various studies suggest that vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms are associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D); However, these results have been disputable. Here we conducted a meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the effect of
gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to T2D.

All relevant studies reporting the association between
gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to T2D published up to August 2020 were identified by comprehensive systematic database search in web of science, Scopus, and Medline. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to measure strength of association. The methodological quality of each study was assessed according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Subgroup and meta-regression analysis were also performed.

A total of 47 case-control studies were included in this meta-analysis. The overall population results revealed a significant association between
and
(heterozygote model) polymorphisms and T2D in the overall analysis.
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