Notes

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he modified Barthel Index had high reliability of 0.88. There were no extremely mismatched items, and considered unidimensional, but the Point-Measure of bowels and bladder were 0.27, extremely lower than other items. The scale was stable in different sex and age, but had notable differential item functioning in muscle strength of the limbs. Rating categories were not functioning adequately in items. The item difficulty and patient ability were not matched, with a difference of 1.17 logics. 29.4% patients, no easy items could match their ability.The modified Barthel Index had high reliability but a relatively bad matching degree between item difficulty and patient ability. It still needs further improvement to reflect the activities of daily living in ischemic stroke patients.
Recent research has suggested that 6 cm of cervical dilation should be the threshold for the active labor phase, and it has confirmed that epidural analgesia (EA) is a safe method of pain relief during labor. However, the evidence provided for these findings comes mainly from randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs), which suffer from the limitation of real-world generalizability.To test the generalizability of the conclusions from these previous RCTs, we conducted a prospective cohort, real-world study (RWS) on 400 Chinese term nulliparas. A total of 200 of the participants (the EA group) received EA upon request. The participants in the EA group were further subdivided as follows according to their cervical dilation when the EA administration was initiated (CDE) [EA1 group (CDE < 3 cm), EA2 group (3 cm ≤ CDE < 6 cm), and EA3 group (CDE ≥ 6 cm)]. We compared the labor duration of the EA group versus the non-EA (NEA) group, and the NEA group versus the 3 EA subgroups. We also compared delivery outgs.
Previous studies have investigated the prognostic role of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in patients with neuroblastoma, while the results are still controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the relationship between the expression of PD-L1 and the prognosis of neuroblastoma.

Search electronic databases include PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science, and the search time is set to build the database until January 2021. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to analyze the included results. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 15.0 software.

This review will be disseminated in print by peer-review.

The study will provide updated evidence for the evaluation of whether the expression of PD-L1 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with neuroblastoma.

The private information from individuals will not be published. This systematic review also should not damage participants' rights. Ethical approval is not available. The results may be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated in relevant conferences.

DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/FBCY6.
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/FBCY6.
Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) may hinder embryonic development and growth, increasing the risk of spontaneous miscarriage, and is considered an important factor affecting male infertility (MI). Traditional Chinese herbal medicine is considered effective in the treatment of MI due to SDF by nourishing kidney essence or promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis. The objective of this systematic review protocol is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese herbal medicine on the treatment of MI associated with SDF.

We searched the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP Chinese Science, Technology Journal Database, and Wanfang Database until the end of 2020 for English and Chinese published literature. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of MI associated with SDF will be included. Study selection and data extraction were performed independently by 2 reviewers, and the quality evaluation and risk assessment were assessed by the Cochrane collaboration's tool, and use the RevMan 5.3 software for meta-analysis.

This study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of MI due to SDF, which may provide some help for the clinician's decision.

CRD42020221053.
CRD42020221053.
The aim of this meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis (TSA) was to evaluate the effect of a polyurethane (PU) tracheal tube cuff on the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).

We performed a systematic search using the MEDLINE database through PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial, SCOPUS, and Web of Science.Randomized controlled trials comparing the incidence of VAP and clinically relevant outcomes between PU cuff tubes and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cuff tubes in adult patients. Two authors independently extracted study details, patient characteristics, and clinical outcomes such as incidence of VAP, bacterial colonization of tracheal aspirate, duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU stay, and ICU mortality.

From 309 studies identified as potentially eligible, six studies with 1226 patients were included in this meta-analysis. All studies compared the incidence of VAP between PU cuffs and PVC cuffs. Use of a PU cuff was not associated with a reduction in VAP incidence (RR = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.45-1.03) with significant statistical heterogeneity (I2 = 65%). The quality of evidence was "very low." According to the TSA, the actual sample size was only 15.8% of the target sample size, and the cumulative Z score did not cross the trial sequential monitoring boundary for benefit. No positive impact was reported for the other relevant outcomes for PU cuffs.

The use of a PU cuff for mechanical ventilation did not prevent VAP. Further trials with a low risk of bias need to be performed.
The use of a PU cuff for mechanical ventilation did not prevent VAP. Further trials with a low risk of bias need to be performed.
We designed and performed a network meta-analysis to compare the clinical outcomes among the 5 surgeries-anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF), anterior controllable antedisplacement fusion (ACAF), laminoplasty (LP), laminectomy (LC), and posterior decompression with instrumented fusion (PDF)-for patients with cervical spondylosis related to the ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL).

Databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Web of Science (firstly available-2019) were selected for literature search. Irinotecan We performed a network meta-analysis with the included studies. A Newcastle-Ottawa scale was employed to assess the study quality of the included studies.

Total 23 studies with 1516 patients were included in our analysis. We found that ACCF achieved the most improvement in the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores and excellent and good recovery rate, ACAF achieved the best improvement of the improvement rate and lordosis. LP got the best operative time and blood loss.
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