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Importance Conference proceedings are platforms for early communication and dissemination of relevant and timely topics of interest. More than half of abstracts presented at biomedical conferences fail to be published in full, resulting in wasted time and resources. Objective To systematically review reports evaluating the proportion of abstracts presented at eye and vision conferences that are subsequently published in full and investigate factors associated with publication. Data Sources MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and reference lists of included reports were systematically searched from inception to January 11, 2019. Study Selection Reports that examined the proportion of abstracts presented at eye and vision conferences and subsequently published in peer-reviewed journals 24 or more months later. Data Extraction and Synthesis Two reviewers independently assessed study eligibility, abstracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias. A meta-analysis was ted with full publication included positive results, randomized clinical trial vs other study design, multicenter study, and industry funding. Conclusion and Relevance More than 60% of abstracts presented at eye and vision conferences were not published in full within 2 years of conference presentation. Failure to disseminate research studies in peer-reviewed journals is not desired, especially when involving human participants.Changes in circulating progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2) during proestrus produce dynamic changes in endometrial function and pituitary release of gonadotropins. Independent and combined effects of P4 and E2 on endometrium and pituitary were evaluated. In a preliminary study, an exogenous hormone model of proestrus was created by removal of CL and follicles ≥5 mm followed by gradual removal of intravaginal P4 implants during 18 h and treatment with increasing doses of estradiol benzoate during 48 h to mimic proestrus using HighE2 (n = 9) or LowE2 (n = 9). Decreased P4, increased E2, and increased endometrial area (EA) simulated proestrus in HighE2 cows and this was used subsequently. The main experiment used a 2x2 factorial design with HighE2&LowP4 (n = 11); HighE2&HighP4 (n = 11); LowE2&HighP4 (n = 11); LowE2&LowP4 (n = 10). At 48 h, GnRH-induced LH and FSH release was determined. Variables were analyzed using PROCMIXED of SAS. The EA increased dramatically during 48 h only in HighE2&LowP4 cows. For FSH, HighE2 cows had greater AUC and FSH peak after GnRH than LowE2, with mild negative effects of HighP4. For LH, concentration at peak and AUC were 2-fold greater in HighE2 compared to LowE2 groups, with LowP4 also 2-fold greater than HighP4 groups. Thus, maximal changes in uterus and pituitary during proestrus depend on both LowP4 and HighE2 but different physiologic responses are regulated differently by E2 and P4. Changes in endometrium depend on LowP4 and HighE2, whereas GnRH-induced FSH secretion primarily depends on HighE2, and GnRH-induced LH secretion is independently increased by HighE2 or reduced by HighP4. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Society for the Study of Reproduction.Importance Quantification of nonperfusion (NP) and neovascularization (NV) in diabetic retinopathy (DR) may identify better biomarkers of disease progression. Objective To identify demographic risk factors and markers of advanced DR that are associated with increased areas of NP and NV in eyes with disease ranging from no DR but diagnosed as having diabetes to proliferative DR (PDR) and to calculate a threshold total area of NP that may be associated with an increased risk of PDR. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective case series was performed on ultrawidefield fluorescein angiography (UWF FA) images from January 2009 to May 2018 at the University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center. A total of 363 participants (651 eyes) diagnosed as having type 1 or 2 diabetes receiving UWF FA were included. Exclusion criteria included previous panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) and poor-quality images (eg, vitreous hemorrhage and significant cataract). Main Outcomes and Measures The surface areas in millimeters sqn be quantified on UWF FA. These biomarkers interpreted with demographic risk factors may help predict disease progression. L-Arginine cost Conclusions are limited by ascertainment and information biases because the results are from retrospective data.Importance In early-stage unfavorable classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), conventional therapy induces high cure rates but also relevant acute and long-term toxic effects. Nivolumab is well tolerated and highly effective in relapsed/refractory cHL but has not been adequately studied in first-line treatment of early-stage cHL. The NIVAHL trial evaluated nivolumab in this setting with the aim to develop a highly effective yet tolerable systemic therapy to ultimately mitigate morbidity in patients who survive cHL. Objective To evaluate efficacy of 2 experimental nivolumab-based first-line treatment strategies in patients with early-stage unfavorable cHL. Design, Setting, and Participants This was an open-label, multicenter, phase 2 randomized clinical trial, open between April 2017 and October 2018. The trial took place at 35 trial centers across Germany, ranging from academic centers to private offices. Eligibility was defined by age 18 to 60 years, cHL confirmed by expert pathology review, early-stage unfavorable and 26 (51%) patients, respectively. Among 101 patients eligible for primary end point analysis, 46 of 51 (90%; 95% CI, 79%-97%) patients receiving concomitant therapy and 47 of 50 (94%; 95% CI, 84%-99%) patients receiving sequential therapy achieved CR after study treatment. With a median follow-up of 13 months, 12-month progression-free survival was 100% for patients receiving concomitant treatment and 98% (95% CI, 95%-100%) for patients receiving sequential therapy. Conclusions and Relevance Both strategies combining nivolumab and AVD are feasible and resulted in high remission rates. Despite narrowly missing the efficacy benchmark in the concomitant group, the excellent 12-month progression-free survival and the unexpectedly high CR rate after 4 doses of nivolumab monotherapy warrant further evaluation of this approach in the first-line treatment of patients with early-stage cHL. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03004833.
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