Notes

Protection against hypothermia throughout injury victims -- the HYPOTRAUM Only two study.
6%to 22.3%. Similar variability existed across studies using the International Working Group Criteria for aMCI (range 4.5%to 18.3%) and all-MCI (range 6.1%to 30.4%). Esomeprazole molecular weight Risk of MCI was associated with demographic (e.g., age), health (e.g., cardio-metabolic disease), and lifestyle (e.g., social isolation, smoking, diet and physical activity) factors.

Outside of China, few MCI studies have been conducted in LMIC settings. There is an urgent need for population representative epidemiological studies to determine MCI prevalence in LMICs. MCI diagnostic methodology also needs to be standardized. This will allow for cross-study comparison and future resource planning.
Outside of China, few MCI studies have been conducted in LMIC settings. There is an urgent need for population representative epidemiological studies to determine MCI prevalence in LMICs. MCI diagnostic methodology also needs to be standardized. This will allow for cross-study comparison and future resource planning.
Berberine (BBR) plays a neuroprotective role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), inhibiting amyloid-β (Aβ) production and promoting Aβ clearance. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) promote Aβ aggregation and tau hyperphosphorylation. The activation of mTOR signaling occurring at the early stage of AD has a prominent impact on the Aβ production. This work focused on whether BBR regulates the production and clearance of ribosylation-induced Aβ pathology via inhibiting mTOR signaling.

To explore whether BBR ameliorates ribosylation-induced Aβ pathology in APP/PS1 mice.

Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the related proteins of the mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway and autophagy, as well as the related kinases of Aβ generation and clearance. Tissue sections and Immunofluorescence staining were used to observe Aβ42 in APP/PS1 mice hippocampal. Morris water maze test was used to measure the spatial learning and memory of APP/PS1 mice.

BBR improves spatial learning and memory of APP/PS1 mice. BBR limits the activation of mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway and enhances autophagy process. BBR reduces the activity of BACE1 and γ-secretase induced by D-ribose, and enhances Aβ-degrading enzymes and Neprilysin, and inhibits the expression of Aβ in APP/PS1 mice.

BBR ameliorates ribosylation-induced Aβ pathology via inhibiting mTOR/p70S6K signaling and improves spatial learning and memory of the APP/PS1 mice.
BBR ameliorates ribosylation-induced Aβ pathology via inhibiting mTOR/p70S6K signaling and improves spatial learning and memory of the APP/PS1 mice.
Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is involved in pathology of Parkinson's disease, and 90% of α-syn in Lewy bodies is phosphorylated at serine 129 (pS129 α-syn).

To assess behavior impairments and brain levels of α-syn and pS129 α-syn in mice overexpressing human α-syn under Thy1 promoter (Thy1-α-syn) and wild type (wt) littermates.

Motor and non-motor behaviors were monitored, brain human α-syn levels measured by ELISA, and α-syn and pS129 α-syn mapped by immunohistochemistry.

Male and female wt littermates did not show differences in the behavioral tests. Male Thy1-α-syn mice displayed more severe impairments than female counterparts in cotton nesting, pole tests, adhesive removal, finding buried food, and marble burying. Concentrations of human α-syn in the olfactory regions, cortex, nigrostriatal system, and dorsal medulla were significantly increased in Thy1-α-syn mice, higher in males than females. Immunoreactivity of α-syn was not simply increased in Thy1-α-syn mice but had altered localization in somas and fibers in a few brain areas. Abundant pS129 α-syn existed in many brain areas of Thy1-α-syn mice, while there was none or only a small amount in a few brain regions of wt mice. The substantia nigra, olfactory regions, amygdala, lateral parabrachial nucleus, and dorsal vagal complex displayed different distribution patterns between wt and transgenic mice, but not between sexes.

The severer abnormal behaviors in male than female Thy1-α-syn mice may be related to higher brain levels of human α-syn, in the absence of sex differences in the altered brain immunoreactivity patterns of α-syn and pS129 α-syn.
The severer abnormal behaviors in male than female Thy1-α-syn mice may be related to higher brain levels of human α-syn, in the absence of sex differences in the altered brain immunoreactivity patterns of α-syn and pS129 α-syn.
Patient dissatisfaction with stroke care is associated with poor self-rated health and unmet care needs. Dementia patients' satisfaction with stroke care is understudied.

To compare satisfaction with stroke care in patients with and without dementia.

This longitudinal cohort study included 5,932 dementia patients (2007-2017) who suffered a first stroke after dementia diagnosis and 39,457 non-dementia stroke patients (2007-2017). Data were retrieved by linking the Swedish Stroke Register, the Swedish Dementia Register, the Swedish National Patient Register, and the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register. The association between dementia and satisfaction was analyzed with ordinal logistic regression.

When dementia patients answered themselves, they reported significantly lower odds of satisfaction with acute stroke care (OR 0.71; 95% CI 0.60-0.85), healthcare staff's attitude (OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.66-0.96), communication with doctors (OR 0.78; 95% CI 0.66-0.92), stroke information (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.52-0.74); but not regarding inpatient rehabilitation (OR 0.93; 95% CI 0.75-1.16), or outpatient rehabilitation (OR 0.93; 95% CI 0.73-1.18). When patients answered with caregivers' help, the association between dementia status and satisfaction remained significant in all items. Subgroup analyses showed that patients with Alzheimer's disease and mixed dementia reported lower odds of satisfaction with acute care and healthcare staff's attitude when they answered themselves.

Patients with dementia reported lower satisfaction with stroke care, revealing unfulfilled care needs among dementia patients, which are possibly due to different (or less) care, or because dementia patients require adaptations to standard care.
Patients with dementia reported lower satisfaction with stroke care, revealing unfulfilled care needs among dementia patients, which are possibly due to different (or less) care, or because dementia patients require adaptations to standard care.
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