Notes

Wogonoside inhibits TNF receptor-associated aspect 6 (TRAF6) mediated-tumor microenvironment and also diagnosis associated with pancreatic cancer.
The results of tail flick and the first phase of formalin test proved that unlike ondansetron and MK-801, naloxone and picotroxin were able to reverse the anti-nociceptive effect of CE extract.

Our observations showed the anti-nociceptive potential of the CE extract, which may be mediated by opioidergic and GABAergic systems.
Our observations showed the anti-nociceptive potential of the CE extract, which may be mediated by opioidergic and GABAergic systems.
Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels is an important medicinal plant utilized in the health care systems of Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. S. cumini have been used to treat renal issues, indigestion, diabetes, dysentery, and employed in folk medicine to treat inflammations. It is known to anticipate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial, antifungal, activities, and radioprotective activities.

We examined the in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of S. cumini fruit extracts, evaluated using membrane stabilization, egg albumin denaturation, and bovine serum albumin denaturation assays. In vivo anti-inflammatory activity was also assessed, using murine models of carrageenan, formaldehyde, and PGE
induced paw edema. Fractionation of active extracts was performed using HPLC, followed by LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis to identify the bioactive compounds responsible for anti-inflammatory activity.

The crude methanolic extract showed stronger in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatoin, umbelliferon, and rosmanol from the 100% methanolic fractions. Myricetin, catechin, quinic acid, chlorogenic acid, ellagic acid, gallic acid, and caffeic acid were identified in the 50% methanolic fractions.

These results demonstrate that S. cumini fruit extracts are a rich source of bioactive compounds that are worthy of further investigation as leads for anti-inflammatory drug discovery.
These results demonstrate that S. cumini fruit extracts are a rich source of bioactive compounds that are worthy of further investigation as leads for anti-inflammatory drug discovery.
Ershiwuwei Lvxue Pill (ELP, མགྲིན་མཚལ་ཉེར་ལྔ།), a traditional Tibetan medicine preparation, has been used hundreds of years for the clinical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the highland region of Tibet, China. However, the underlying mechanism of its therapeutic effect remains unclear.

The present study aimed to investigate the potential pharmacological mechanisms of anti-arthritic effect of ELP.

The main chemical constituents of ELP were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Forty-eight male Wistar rats (220±20g) were randomly divided into six groups normal group, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) group, methotrexate group (1.05mg/kg), ELP groups (115, 230 and 460mg/kg). CIA rat models were assigned to evaluate the anti-RA activity of ELP by determining the paws swelling, arthritis score, organ coefficients of spleen and thymus, and histopathological analysis of knee joints of synovial tissues. The levels of TNF-α, IL-10, t of ELP, whereas no changes of the mRNA and protein expression levels of JAK2 and STAT3 were observed.

These results indicated that ELP reduced the severity of arthritis and joint swelling, suggesting an antirheumatic effect on CIA rats. The possible mechanism is related to inhibiting inflammatory response and inducing apoptosis in synovial tissues by regulating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. However, further in vivo and in vitro investigations are still needed to clarify the underlying mechanism of ELP in treating RA.
These results indicated that ELP reduced the severity of arthritis and joint swelling, suggesting an antirheumatic effect on CIA rats. The possible mechanism is related to inhibiting inflammatory response and inducing apoptosis in synovial tissues by regulating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. However, further in vivo and in vitro investigations are still needed to clarify the underlying mechanism of ELP in treating RA.
Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg, known as Sanyeqing in China, was an extensively used folk Chinese herbal medicine. This plant had been validated to be highly effective for treating high fever, pneumonia, hepatitis, gastritis, cervicitis, lymphatic tuberculosis, septicemia, and viral meningitis.

As a review in T. hemsleyanum, this article aims to provide a critical and comprehensive evaluation for future research as well as the development of new drugs. The possible uses and future research directions of this plant were also discussed.

A literature search was conducted on different scientific search engines, including Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI. Additional information was obtained from classic books about Chinese herbal medicine and scientific databases.

T. hemsleyanum was a perennial herb climbing vine, which was mainly based on field cultivation. learn more About 150 chemical compounds have been isolated from T. hemsleyanum, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, polyntials of T. hemsleyanum.
T. hemsleyanum was a valuable traditional Chinese medical herb with pharmacological activities that mainly affected the immune system. This review summarized its botanical description, cultivation techniques, physiology, ethnopharmacology, chemical components, and pharmacological functions. This information suggested that we should focus on the development of new drugs related to T. hemsleyanum. Meanwhile, it was important to emphasize the traditional use of T. hemsleyanum, avoiding over-harvesting that exerted a great impact on resource scarcity. And developing its new clinical usage and comprehensive utilize would augment the therapeutic potentials of T. hemsleyanum.
The genus Gynura (Compositae) includes around 46 species and is native to the tropical regions of Southeast Asia, Africa and Australia. Many species within this genus are used in ethnomedicine to treat various disorders including skin diseases, injuries, ulcers, wounds, burns, sores, scalds, as well as for the management of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, constipation, rheumatism, bronchitis and inflammation.

This review is an attempt to provide scientific information regarding the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacological and toxicological profiles of Gynura species along with the nomenclature, distribution, taxonomy and botanical features of the genus. A critical analysis has been undertaken to understand the current and future pharmaceutical prospects of the genus.

Several electronic databases, including Google scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Semantic Scholar, MEDLINE and CNKI Scholar, were explored as information sources. The Plant List Index was used for taxonomical authentications.
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