Notes

Practical use, pitfalls as well as model regarding hand held single‑lead electrocardiograms.
Breastfed infants depend on breast-milk iodine for growth and brain development, as iodine is a trace element important for thyroid hormone production. Iodine need is higher during lactation; hence, mothers and children are at risk of iodine deficiency. We aimed to explore maternal iodine and thyroidal status during lactation.

Pregnant women were recruited in Gothenburg, southwest Sweden. Maternal urine and serum were collected at pregnancy week 35-37 (n=84) and 0.5, 4, and 12months postpartum. Seventy mothers provided breast milk at 0.5months.

Median (interquartile range) breast-milk iodine concentration was 90 (66-116) μg/L. About 58% had breast-milk iodine concentration <100μg/L. Iodine supplement users (n=13) had higher breast-milk iodine concentration than non-users (n=49) (140μg/L vs 71μg/L, P=.001). Exclusively breastfeeding women at 4months postpartum (n=57) had lower median urinary iodine concentration (85μg/L vs 133μg/L, P=.004) and higher thyroglobulin serum concentration (22.3μg/L vs 11.8μg/L, P=.032) than non-exclusively breastfeeding women (n=25). Concentrations of thyroid hormones were unaffected.

This pilot study suggests that lactating women in southwest Sweden present mildly inadequate iodine intake, mainly among non-iodine supplement users and exclusively breastfeeding mothers. Studies on the coverage of the iodine fortification program in breastfeeding women are warranted.
This pilot study suggests that lactating women in southwest Sweden present mildly inadequate iodine intake, mainly among non-iodine supplement users and exclusively breastfeeding mothers. Studies on the coverage of the iodine fortification program in breastfeeding women are warranted.
The association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and chronic kidney disease remains controversial and long-term longitudinal studies are limited. We aim to investigate the impact of single and persistent elevation of hs-CRP on kidney outcomes.

Our study was based on a subgroup of patients with hyperglycemia from the Kailuan cohort. Patients were divided into three groups according to two consecutive hs-CRP levels (1) no elevation (twice hs-CRP < 3mg/L); (2) single elevation (once hs-CRP ≥ 3mg/L); (3) persistent elevation (twice hs-CRP ≥ 3mg/L). Kidney outcomes include kidney function decline (glomerular filtration rate [GFR] decline ≥ 30% within two years or doubling of serum c reatinine or development of end stage kidney disease [ESKD]), development and progression of proteinuria.

Regarding the outcomes of kidney function decline, development and progression of proteinuria, we included 18,665, 11,754 and 1710 patients into analyses, respectively. After 5years of follow-up, the number of incident cases of kidney function decline, development and progression of proteinuria were 1891, 1337 and 171, respectively. Compared to patients with no elevation of hs-CRP levels, those with persistent but not single elevation of hs-CRP were at higher risk of kidney function decline (hazard ratio [HR] 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23-1.64) and development of proteinuria (1.49, 1.26-1.76), but not progression of proteinuria. The results were consistent with propensity score analysis.

Persistent but not single elevation of hs-CRP was independently associated with increased risk of kidney function decline, and development of proteinuria but not progression in patients with impaired fasting glucose or diabetes.
Persistent but not single elevation of hs-CRP was independently associated with increased risk of kidney function decline, and development of proteinuria but not progression in patients with impaired fasting glucose or diabetes.
The impact of cancer on death of elderly kidney transplant recipients has been extensively investigated, but with conflicting results. Unlike their younger counterparts, in elderly kidney transplant recipients cardiovascular and infectious disease may outweigh cancer in causing the patient's death.

Using competing risk analysis on a large retrospective cohort of kidney transplant recipients, we estimated the cause-specific cumulative incidence and hazard of death in different age categories and calculated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) to compare mortality rates with the general population.

Six thousand seven hundred eighty-nine kidney transplant recipients were followed-up for a median of 9years. Ten years after transplantation, in transplant recipients aged 20-39, 40-59, and 60+, the cumulative incidence of cancer-related death was 0.6 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.3-1.0), 2.9 (2.3-3.6) and 5.3% (3.5-7.5), whereas the SMR was 9.1 (5.5-15.0), 2.0 (1.6-2.5), and 0.8 (0.6-1.0), respectively. At variance with young recipients, the hazard and the cumulative incidence of cardiovascular-related death in elderly recipients was well above that of cancer-related death.

Relative to the general population, cancer-related death is increased in young but not in elderly kidney transplant recipients because of the more marked increased incidence of competing cause of death in the latter category.
Relative to the general population, cancer-related death is increased in young but not in elderly kidney transplant recipients because of the more marked increased incidence of competing cause of death in the latter category.Lycaena dispar Hawort (Lepidoptera Lycaenidae), a protected butterfly, is declining in Europe, but it thrives in rice fields in northern Italy. ACT-1016-0707 Here, agrochemical usage could threaten its long-term survival. We investigated, by micronucleus (MN) assay, the genotoxic effect of glyphosate, a common herbicide, on L. dispar larvae. Micronuclei (MNi) are DNA fragments separated from the main nucleus and represent the result of genomic damage that has been transmitted to daughter cells. In a control/treatment experiment, we extracted epithelial cells from last-instar larvae fed with Rumex spp. plants sprayed with a solution containing 3.6 g/L of glyphosate, and from larvae fed with unsprayed plants. MNi and other chromosomal aberrations-nuclear buds (NBUDs) and bi-nucleated cells-were then scored in 1000 cells/subject. Significant differences were found between glyphosate-exposed and control groups in terms of MNi and total genomic damage, but not in terms of NBUDs or bi-nucleated cells. We reported a possible genomic damage induced by glyphosate on larvae of L.
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