Notes

Neuroprotective connection between oleuropein: Current innovations as well as fashionable investigation.
An in-house UV lithography setup has been optimized to fabricate low-cost disposable electrochemical sensing Cu electrodes using a copper clad board. In view of the high oxidation probability of copper, the low-cost electrodes were modified using different gold nanostructures and a conducing polymer PEDOTPSS to attain maximal signal output and improved shelf-life. Zero-dimensional (0D) gold nanoparticles (∼40 nm) and three-dimensional (3D) gold nanoflowers (∼38 nm) mixed with PEDOTPSS were used as signal-enhancing conductors for the ultrasensitive detection of our model contaminant, methylene blue dye (MB). The bare copper electrode was sensitive to MB, linearly within the range of 4-100 μM, with a limit of detection of 3.49 μM. While for gold nanoparticle-PEDOTPSS-modified electrode, the sensitivity of the electrode was found to increase linearly in the range of 0.01-0.1 μM, and for gold nanoflowers-PEDOTPSS, the sensitivity achieved was 0.01-0.1 μM with the LOD as 0.0022 μM. For a PEDOTPSS-modified Cu electrode, used as a comparative to study the contributing role of gold nanostructures towards improved sensitivity, the linearity was found to be in the range of 0.1-1.9 μM with the LOD as 0.0228 μM. A 6 times improvement in signal sensitivity for the nanoflower-PEDOTPSS electrode compared to the nanoparticle-PEDOTPSS-modified electrode indicates the influence of nanoparticle shape on the electrode efficiency. 3D gold nanoflowers with a large surface area-to-volume ratio and a high catalytic activity prove to be a superior choice for electrode modification. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.Successful surgeries involving orthopedic implants depend on the avoidance of biofilm development on the implant surface during the early postoperative period. Here, we investigate the potential of novel antibacterial compounds-second-generation lipophosphonoxins (LPPOs II)-as additives to surgical bone cements. We demonstrate (i) excellent thermostability of LPPOs II, which is essential to withstand elevated temperatures during exothermic cement polymerization; (ii) unchanged tensile strength and elongation at the break properties of the composite cements containing LPPOs II compared to cements without additives; (iii) convenient elution kinetics on the order of days; and (iv) the strong antibiofilm activity of the LPPO II-loaded cements even against bacteria resistant to the medicinally utilized antibiotic, gentamicin. Thus, LPPOs II display promising potential as antimicrobial additives to surgical bone cements. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.Herein, two bifunctional macromolecular aromatic epoxy resins (ERs), namely, 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol oxirane (ERH) and 4,4'-isopropylidene tetrabromodiphenol oxirane (ERBr), are synthesized, characterized, and evaluated as anticorrosive materials for carbon steel corrosion in acidic medium. ERs were characterized using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. Investigated ERs acted as effective corrosion inhibitors, and their inhibition effectiveness followed the order ERBr (96.5%) > ERH (95.6%). Potentiodynamic polarization results showed that ERH and ERBr behave as predominantly anodic type and the cathodic type of corrosion inhibitors, respectively. Adsorption of both the studied ERH and ERBr molecules obeyed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Density functional theory and molecular dynamics studies showed that protonated forms of ERH and ERBr contribute more to metal (carbon steel)-inhibitor (ERH/ERBr) interactions than their neutral forms. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.We developed a novel fabrication method for nanochannels that are easily scaled up to mass production by selectively growing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures and covering using a flat PDMS surface to make hollow nanochannels. Nanochannels are used in the biotechnological and environmental fields, being employed for DNA analysis and water purification, due to their unique features of capillary-induced negative pressure and an electrical double-layer overlap. TG100-115 supplier However, existing nanochannel fabrication methods are complicated, costly, and not amenable to mass production. Here, we developed a novel nanochannel fabrication method. The pillar-like dense ZnO nanostructures were grown in a solution process, which is easily applicable to mass production. The size of the fabricated ZnO nanostructures has a thickness of 30-300 nm and a diameter on the order of 102 nm, which are easily adjusted by synthesis times. The ZnO nanostructures were covered by the flat polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surface, and then the cracks between ZnO nanostructures served as hollow nanochannels. Because the suggested fabrication process has no thermal shrinkage, the process has higher production efficiency than existing nanochannel mass production methods based on the thermal/pressure process. The mechanical strength of the fabricated ZnO nanostructures was tested with repetitive tape peeling tests. Finally, we briefly verified the nanochannel performance by applying the nanochannel to the micro/nanofluidic system, whose performance is easily evaluated and visualized by current-voltage relation. Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society.One of the serious problems in the oil industry is precipitation and deposition of asphaltenes in the different oil production stages including formation, wellbore, production tubing, flow lines, and separation units. This phenomenon causes a dramatic increase in the cost of oil production, processing, and transferring. Thus, it seems to be very necessary to use the removing methods for precipitated asphaltenes in different crude oil production and transferring stages. In this study, the ability of microorganisms for biodegradation of precipitated asphaltenes was investigated. For this purpose, four bacterial consortiums were isolated from oil-contaminated soil, crude oil, reservoir water, and oil sludge samples of an oil field located in the southwest of Iran. Based on the results of the designed experiments, by using response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design, the bacterial consortiums were cultured in the flasks. Three levels of temperatures, salinity, pH, and initial asphaltene concentration as the substrate were considered as the parameters of culture medium and incubated growth mediums for 60 days.
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