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Multiple cranial neurological palsies following COVID-19 vaccination-Case report.
The exploitation of the important features exhibited by the complex systems found in the surrounding natural and artificial space will improve computational model performance. Therefore, the purpose of the current paper is to use cellular automata as a tool simulating complexity, able to bring forth an interesting global behaviour based only on simple, local interactions. We show that, in the context of image segmentation, a butterfly effect arises when we perturb the neighbourhood system of a cellular automaton. Specifically, we enhance a classical GrowCut cellular automaton with chaotic features, which are also able to improve its performance (e.g., a Dice coefficient of 71% in case of 2D images). This enhanced GrowCut flavor (referred to as Band-Based GrowCut) uses an extended, stochastic neighbourhood, in which randomly-selected remote neighbours reinforce the standard local ones. We demonstrate the presence of the butterfly effect and an increase in segmentation performance by numerical experiments performed on synthetic and natural images. Thus, our results suggest that, by having small changes in the initial conditions of the performed task, we can induce major changes in the final outcome of the segmentation.Chaotic dynamical systems are studied in this paper. In the models, integer order time derivatives are replaced with the Caputo fractional order counterparts. A Chebyshev spectral method is presented for the numerical approximation. In each of the systems considered, linear stability analysis is established. A range of chaotic behaviours are obtained at the instances of fractional power which show the evolution of the species in time and space.Attack graph modeling aims to generate attack models by investigating attack behaviors recorded in intrusion alerts raised in network security devices. Attack models can help network security administrators discover an attack strategy that intruders use to compromise the network and implement a timely response to security threats. However, the state-of-the-art algorithms for attack graph modeling are unable to obtain a high-level or global-oriented view of the attack strategy. To address the aforementioned issue, considering the similarity between attack behavior and workflow, we employ a heuristic process mining algorithm to generate the initial attack graph. Although the initial attack graphs generated by the heuristic process mining algorithm are complete, they are extremely complex for manual analysis. selleck To improve their readability, we propose a graph segmentation algorithm to split a complex attack graph into multiple subgraphs while preserving the original structure. Furthermore, to handle massive volume alert data, we propose a distributed attack graph generation algorithm based on Hadoop MapReduce and a distributed attack graph segmentation algorithm based on Spark GraphX. Additionally, we conduct comprehensive experiments to validate the performance of the proposed algorithms. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms achieve considerable improvement over comparative algorithms in terms of accuracy and efficiency.As humanity struggles to find a path to resilience amidst global change vagaries, understanding organizing principles of living systems as the pillar for human existence is rapidly growing in importance. However, finding quantitative definitions for order, complexity, information and functionality of living systems remains a challenge. Here, we review and develop insights into this problem from the concept of the biotic regulation of the environment developed by Victor Gorshkov (1935-2019). Life's extraordinary persistence-despite being a strongly non-equilibrium process-requires a quantum-classical duality the program of life is written in molecules and thus can be copied without information loss, while life's interaction with its non-equilibrium environment is performed by macroscopic classical objects (living individuals) that age. Life's key energetic parameter, the volume-specific rate of energy consumption, is maintained within universal limits by most life forms. Contrary to previous suggestions, it cannot serve as a proxy for "evolutionary progress". In contrast, ecosystem-level surface-specific energy consumption declines with growing animal body size in stable ecosystems. High consumption by big animals is associated with instability. We suggest that the evolutionary increase in body size may represent a spontaneous loss of information about environmental regulation, a manifestation of life's algorithm ageing as a whole.As first shown by H. S. Green in 1952, the entropy of a classical fluid of identical particles can be written as a sum of many-particle contributions, each of them being a distinctive functional of all spatial distribution functions up to a given order. By revisiting the combinatorial derivation of the entropy formula, we argue that a similar correlation expansion holds for the entropy of a crystalline system. We discuss how one- and two-body entropies scale with the size of the crystal, and provide fresh numerical data to check the expectation, grounded in theoretical arguments, that both entropies are extensive quantities.The approach based on the Wigner function is considered as a viable model of quantum transport which allows, in analogy with the semiclassical Boltzmann equation, to restore a description in the phase-space. A crucial point is the determination of the Wigner function at the equilibrium which stems from the equilibrium density function. The latter is obtained by a constrained maximization of the entropy whose formulation in a quantum context is a controversial issue. The standard expression due to Von Neumann, although it looks a natural generalization of the classical Boltzmann one, presents two important drawbacks it is conserved under unitary evolution time operators, and therefore cannot take into account irreversibility; it does not include neither the Bose nor the Fermi statistics. Recently a diagonal form of the quantum entropy, which incorporates also the correct statistics, has been proposed in Snoke et al. (2012) and Polkovnikov (2011). Here, by adopting such a form of entropy, with an approach based on the Bloch equation, the general condition that must be satisfied by the equilibrium Wigner function is obtained for general energy dispersion relations, both for fermions and bosons.
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