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A total of 603 persons were included in the analysis. 45 (82%) of the listed societies' presidents were male, while 10 (18%) were female. 385 (70%) of the non-president board members were male. The highest proportion of female board members was seen in Australia/New Zealand with five out of eight persons (62%) followed by South America with 13 out of 29 (45%).
A marked gender disparity was found for emergency medicine societies worldwide in terms of chair functions as well as board composition. Wide regional differences were found between world regions.
A marked gender disparity was found for emergency medicine societies worldwide in terms of chair functions as well as board composition. Wide regional differences were found between world regions.
Being a victim of sexual assault is linked to many psychological and physical health problems. Experiencing one episode of assault is a risk factor for revictimisation. Saint Mary's Sexual Assault Referral Centre (SARC) provides aftercare for clients in Greater Manchester and Cheshire who have suffered sexual assault and rape, with physical, psychological and sexual health services.
This work's primary aim was to establish the prevalence of re-attendance of adults for a forensic medical examination to Saint Mary's SARC. The secondary aim was to identify the characteristics and vulnerabilities of clients who re-attended Saint Mary's SARC during a twelve-month period.
Retrospective analysis of 42 sets of forensic medical notes for repeat attenders in 2017 was performed. A control sample of 42 single attenders from 2017 was randomly selected for comparison.
A total of 740 adult clients attended Saint Mary's for a forensic medical examination in 2017, 5.7% of whom had previously attended. Amongst these cl demographic showed higher level of vulnerability, and higher likelihood of receiving safeguarding. SARC staff and services should be prepared to attend to the additional needs of this group. Powered.
To determine the prevalence of genital injuries following alleged sexual assault by digital penetration of the vagina in the absence of penile penetration of the vagina or anus in women age 16 and over; and to compare with the prevalence of genital injuries following alleged sexual assault by penile vaginal penetration in the absence of penile penetration of the anus or digital penetration of the vagina and/or anus.
1428 adults and children attending a forensic medical examination between September 2017 and January 2020at the Haven sexual assault referral center situated in Paddington, London, UK.
Retrospective review of forensic notes.
Eligible cases were identified through the standardized forensic notes and relevant data was extracted.
109 cases of women 16 years and over alleging digital penetration only and 110 cases of women 16 years and over alleging penile vaginal penetration only were included. The 110 cases of penile vaginal penetration only were randomly selected for comparison purposes. penetration group.
The majority of patients examined following an allegation of digital vaginal penetration without penile penetration sustained no injuries. Of those who did, abrasions were the most common type of injury, with the inner labia minora being the most common location for injury. There were no significant differences with the injuries seen in the penile vaginal penetration group in terms of number of patients with genital injuries, type or location of injury.
The majority of patients examined following an allegation of digital vaginal penetration without penile penetration sustained no injuries. Of those who did, abrasions were the most common type of injury, with the inner labia minora being the most common location for injury. There were no significant differences with the injuries seen in the penile vaginal penetration group in terms of number of patients with genital injuries, type or location of injury.
Treatment with proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 inhibitors (PCSK9i), in addition to statin therapy, reduces LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c) in some patients to extremely low levels (i.e.< 20mg/dl or<0.52mmol/l). There is concern that at such low levels, the physiologic role of cholesterol may be impaired, e.g. the adrenal cortisol stress response might be compromised. We therefore evaluated the effect of PCSK9i therapy on the cortisol response to ACTH in patients with LDL-c down to extremely low levels.
Nineteen patients on PCSK9i therapy and 18 controls matched for age, gender and comorbidities were included. The cortisol response to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) was tested after application of 250μg ACTH.
LDL-c levels ranged from 0.42 to 3.32mmol/l (mean 1.38±0.84mmol/l) in the PCSK9i group and 0.81-4.82mmol/l (mean 2.10±0.97) in the control group. selleck inhibitor By analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), the PCSK9i group had significantly lower cortisol response compared to the control group (- 97.26nmol/l, -178.60 to -15.93, p=0.02) after 60min. There was a significant positive correlation between the duration of PCSK9i treatment and cortisol levels (r=0.59, p =0.009). Extremely low LDL-c levels down to 0.42mmol/l were not associated with lower stimulated cortisol levels.
Patients on PCSK9i therapy showed a significantly lower cortisol response to ACTH. Stimulated cortisol levels were lower in the first months of PCSK9i treatment, suggesting an adaptive phenomenon. We conclude that the adrenal stress response in patients on PCSK9 inhibitor therapy is reduced.
Patients on PCSK9i therapy showed a significantly lower cortisol response to ACTH. Stimulated cortisol levels were lower in the first months of PCSK9i treatment, suggesting an adaptive phenomenon. We conclude that the adrenal stress response in patients on PCSK9 inhibitor therapy is reduced.
Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (FD), characterized by remnant lipoprotein accumulation and premature cardiovascular disease, occurs in homozygous carriers of the APOE ε2 allele, but genetic predisposition alone does not suffice for the clinical phenotype. Cross-sectional studies suggest that a second metabolic hit - notably adiposity or insulin resistance - is required, but the association between these risk factors and development of FD has not been studied prospectively.
For this study, we evaluated 18,987 subjects from two large prospective Dutch population-based cohorts (PREVEND and Rotterdam Study) of whom 118 were homozygous APOE ε2 carriers. Of these, 69 subjects were available for prospective analyses. Dyslipidemia - likely to be FD - was defined as fasting triglyceride (TG) levels >3mmol/L in untreated subjects or use of lipid lowering medication. The effect of weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-TG metabolic syndrome on development of dyslipidemia was investigated.
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