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Nanoscale features involving health and fitness motion picture growth on photobioreactor components: affect on the first bond as well as biofilm development by a cyanobacterium.
Willingness to participate in activities during a nuclear disaster situation among firefighters is low. Thus, we aimed to identify the factors affecting the intention to participate in nuclear disaster activities. A questionnaire survey was conducted among firefighter training students (n = 186) and firefighters (n = 410), and a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors affecting the intention to participate in nuclear disaster activities. The percentage of students and firefighters who were willing to participate in nuclear disaster activities was 70.4% (n = 131) and 56.3% (n = 231) (P less then 0.01), respectively. The factors affecting the students' intention to participant were "wish to learn more information about radiation" and "firefighters should actively work in a nuclear disaster." Meanwhile, the factors affecting the firefighters' intention to work were "have self-confidence during nuclear disaster activities," "participate if there is an incentive," "unable to get a family member to understand the need to participate in a nuclear disaster activity," and marital status. A student's decision might be strongly connected to social norms about participating in nuclear disaster activities. The willingness to participate in nuclear disaster activities among firefighters might be improved by facilitating activities that can build their self-confidence, providing sufficient incentives, and helping their families understand their work. Therefore, not only direct education for responders but also educational activities for the general public and their families are essential.
Food insecurity is a pervasive public health issue in the US that is associated with greater body weight.

To examine national trends in food insecurity among US adults from 1999 to 2016 according to surrogate measures of adiposity (body mass index [BMI] and waist circumference [WC]).

This cross-sectional study analyzed nationally representative data obtained from nine 2-year cycles (1999 to 2000 through 2015 to 2016) of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in the US. selleck chemicals llc The sample comprised adult survey participants aged 20 years or older. Data analyses were performed from July 1, 2019, to March 31, 2020.

The primary outcome was food insecurity. Data on BMI (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) were categorized as follows normal weight (BMI, <25), overweight (BMI, 25-29.9), and obese (BMI, ≥30). Data on WC were categorized as follows less high risk (men ≤102 cm; women ≤88 cm) or high risk (men >102 cm; women >88 cm). Food insecurity prevalence byo 2016 and across all levels of adiposity. These results suggest the need for multidisciplinary approaches to address the association between food insecurity and obesity in the US.
In this cross-sectional study, the estimated prevalence of food insecurity appeared to increase from 1999 to 2016 and across all levels of adiposity. These results suggest the need for multidisciplinary approaches to address the association between food insecurity and obesity in the US.
Previous research suggests that the prevalence of occupational burnout varies by demographic characteristics, such as sex and age, but the association between physician race/ethnicity and occupational burnout is less well understood.

To investigate possible differences in occupational burnout, depressive symptoms, career satisfaction, and work-life integration by race/ethnicity in a sample of US physicians.

In this cross-sectional study, data for this secondary analysis of 4424 physicians were originally collected from a cross-sectional survey of US physicians between October 12, 2017, and March 15, 2018. The dates of analysis were March 8, 2019, to May 21, 2020. Multivariable logistic regression, including statistical adjustment for physician demographic and clinical practice characteristics, was performed to examine the association between physician race/ethnicity and occupational burnout, depressive symptoms, career satisfaction, and work-life integration.

Physician demographic and clinical practicreased rates of burnout among non-Hispanic White physicians, and assess factors underlying the observed patterns in measures of physician wellness by race/ethnicity.
Physicians in minority racial/ethnic groups were less likely to report burnout compared with non-Hispanic White physicians. Future research is necessary to confirm these results, investigate factors contributing to increased rates of burnout among non-Hispanic White physicians, and assess factors underlying the observed patterns in measures of physician wellness by race/ethnicity.
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), grounded in mindfulness, focus on purposely paying attention to experiences occurring at the present moment without judgment. MBIs are increasingly used by patients with cancer for the reduction of anxiety, but it remains unclear if MBIs reduce anxiety in patients with cancer.

To evaluate the association of MBIs with reductions in the severity of anxiety in patients with cancer.

Systematic searches of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and SCOPUS were conducted from database inception to May 2019 to identify relevant citations.

Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that compared MBI with usual care, waitlist controls, or no intervention for the management of anxiety in cancer patients were included. Two reviewers conducted a blinded screening. Of 101 initially identified studies, 28 met the inclusion criteria.

Two reviewers independently extracted the data. The Cochrane Collaboration risk-of-bias tool was used to ass efficacy in more diverse cancer populations using active controls.
In this study, MBIs were associated with reductions in anxiety and depression up to 6 months postintervention in adults with cancer. Future trials should explore the long-term association of mindfulness with anxiety and depression in adults with cancer and determine its efficacy in more diverse cancer populations using active controls.
Sex, age, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) may affect immune response. However, the association of these factors with the survival benefit of cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remains unclear.

To assess the potential sex, age, and ECOG PS differences of immunotherapy survival benefit in patients with advanced cancer.

PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus were searched from inception to August 31, 2019.

Published randomized clinical trials comparing overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced cancer treated with ICI immunotherapy vs non-ICI control therapy were included.

Pooled OS hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI for patients of different sex, age (<65 and ≥65 years) or ECOG PS (0 and ≥1) were calculated separately using a random-effects model, and the heterogeneity between paired estimates was assessed using an interaction test by pooling study-specific interaction HRs. This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guideline.
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