Notes

Lung delivery of the broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor marimastat reduces multiwalled co2 nanotube-induced moving bioactivity with no decreasing lung inflammation.
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, is vital for vertebrate development and adult homeostasis. Acid α-glucosidase (GAA) is a glycoside hydrolase involved in the lysosomal breakdown of glycogen. Our previous study showed that GAA was highly expressed in mouse pulmonary veins. While whether GAA was involved in angiogenesis remained largely unknown, thus, we performed knockdown experiments both in vivo and in vitro and endothelial cell function experiments to clarify this concern point. We identified that GAA expressed widely at different levels during zebrafish embryonic development and GAA morphants showed excessive angiogenesis of ISV at later stage. In GAA knockdown HUVECs, the migration and tube formation capacity were increased, resulted from the formation of large lamellipodia-like protrusions at the edge of cells. By analyzing autophagic flux, we found that autophagy disorder was the mechanism of GAA knockdown-induced excessive angiogenesis. The block of autophagic flux caused upregulation of Rac1, a small GTPase, and the latter promoted excessive sprouts in zebrafish and enhanced angiogenic behavior in HUVECs. selleck chemicals In addition, overexpression of transcription factor E3, a master regulator of autophagy, rescued upregulation of RAC1 and enhanced angiogenic function in GAA-knockdown HUVECs. Also, inhibition of Rac1 partly restored enhanced angiogenic function in GAA-knockdown HUVECs. Taken together, our study firstly reported a novel function of GAA in angiogenesis which is mediated by upregulation of Rac1 induced by autophagy disorder.Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) contribute to childhood obesity, long-term risks for diet-related diseases, and health disparities affecting communities of color. Hispanic children are disproportionately affected by obesity, but research is needed to better understand culturally specific reasons for providing SSBs to Hispanic children. This exploratory study utilized the Social Ecological Model framework to evaluate Hispanic parents' perceptions of SSBs and serving them to young children. A cross-sectional survey (in English and Spanish) used a national US online panel to recruit a convenience sample of Hispanic parents (N = 350) with young children (aged 1-5 years). Participants reported types of drinks and SSB brands that they served their child in the past month and rated drink healthfulness. Attitude questions assessed individual, community-level, and socio-cultural factors, including normative beliefs, about serving SSBs to young children. Nearly all parents (98%) reported serving their child SSBs in the past month, averaging 6.7 different SSB types. For all categories of SSBs except fruit-flavored drinks, parents who served that type of SSB rated it as significantly healthier than parents who did not serve them. A linear regression model examined associations between individual and socio-cultural factors and number of SSB types served to their child. In the model, higher average rating of SSB healthfulness, child's age, normative beliefs that others serve SSBs to children, being born in the US/Puerto Rico, and parent and child enjoyment of SSBs were positively associated with serving more SSB types, while concerns about SSBs for their own health was negatively related. Language-related acculturation and community-level factors assessed were not significant. Public health initiatives should focus on healthfulness misperceptions of some SSB categories and address normative beliefs to help reduce serving SSBs to Hispanic children.
To understand factors affecting adherence to GFD by celiac and non-celiac people through the application of behavioural theories, Integrative Model (IM) and Multi Theory Model (MTM).

Analyses were conducted for a sample of 308 subjects, majority females, celiac and non-celiac. Adherence to GFD was measured considering two scales, self-declared adherence and scored adherence, in order to discern possible inconsistencies between what subjects believe and what they really do. Subsequently, adherence to GFD was modelled by considering constructs of MTM and IM. Moreover, the constructs were designed based on literature review. Ordered logit (OL) model was used to test the IM and MTM theoretical models.

The findings show that adherence to GFD is affected mainly by attitudes towards GFD, self-efficacy, injunctive norms, knowledge about GFD and health conditions. Between the two models, IM and MTM, results show that all constructs of IM explain the behaviour. Contrary, for MTM, results indicate only some constructs of the MTM explain adherence to GFD.

Results of this study should be considered for improving the adherence to GFD for celiac people. Furthermore, it is important to consider the non-celiac people's perceptions for GFD and GF products. In other words an accurate information about the diet and products it is relevant for supporting people to make healthier food choices. Finally, as the results show, IM explain adherence to GFD better than MTM.
Results of this study should be considered for improving the adherence to GFD for celiac people. Furthermore, it is important to consider the non-celiac people's perceptions for GFD and GF products. In other words an accurate information about the diet and products it is relevant for supporting people to make healthier food choices. Finally, as the results show, IM explain adherence to GFD better than MTM.
Little is known about patterns of household food insecurity (HFI) across more than two time points in adults in the United States, the frequency predictors of different trajectories. The distinctions between persistent and transient food insecurity trajectories may be crucial to developing effective interventions.

To characterize dominant trajectories of food security status over three time points between 2013 and 2016 and identify demographic, socioeconomic and health-related predictors of persistent and transient HFI.

Cohort study in disadvantaged communities in South Carolina.

and subjects 397 middle-aged participants, predominantly female, African American, living in USDA-designated food deserts.

Household food insecurity over time using the 18-item USDA's Household Food Security Survey Module.

Descriptive analyses of food security trajectories and multinomial regression analyses.

At baseline (2013-2014), 61% of households reported HFI during the previous 12 months, which decreased to 54% in 2015 and to 51% in 2016.
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