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7%)had mixed character of pain. Also, 11(42.3%)patients developed pain at more than one site including axilla, chest wall, upper arm and surgical scar area, and the site of pain in majority patients 15(57.7%) was axilla.
The incidence of persistent pain following breast cancer surgery was found to be 21.7%.
The incidence of persistent pain following breast cancer surgery was found to be 21.7%.
To determine perception levels of student nurses about nursing diagnosis.
The descriptive, comparative, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey, in December 2015, and comprised nursing students studying in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades. Data was collected using a personal information form and the Perceptions of Nursing Diagnosis Survey. Data was analysed using SPSS 18.
Of the 386 students, 317(82%) were female and 321(83%) considered themselves competent enough to make diagnosis. Also, 268(69%) students thought that nursing diagnosis was useful in providing planned, correct and systemised diagnosis. Mean total score of perception of nursing diagnosis of female students was higher than males (p=0.005).
The students' perception level of nursing diagnosis was positive.
The students' perception level of nursing diagnosis was positive.
To determine the occurrence and characteristics of the two types of lepra reactions in new leprosy cases at initial diagnosis.
The retrospective descriptive study was conducted at the Marie Adelaide Leprosy Centre, Karachi, and comprised all new leprosy cases registered from January 1, 2016, to June 30, 2018. Data was collected from the medical record database using a predesigned proforma.
Of the 50 cases, 2(4%) were children and 48 (96%) were adults, with overall age ranging from 12 to 85 years. There were 41(82%) males and 9(18%) females.. Of the total, 30(60%) cases presented with type 1 reaction and 20(40%) with type 2. Further, 30(60%) cases were classified as borderline lepromatous. this website Among them, 17(57%) had type 2 reaction. Inflamed plaques were the main feature in 27(90%) cases of type 1. Crops of painful, erythematous nodules were seen in 19(95%) cases of type 2.
Lepra reactions were found to be a presenting feature in a significant number of new leprosy cases at initial diagnosis.
Lepra reactions were found to be a presenting feature in a significant number of new leprosy cases at initial diagnosis.
To find the levels of self-esteem, depression, anxiety and stress among prosthesis users.
The cross-sectional study was conducted from June to November 2018 at Chal Foundation centres in Bagh and Swabi, Pakistan, and comprised prosthesis users of both genders aged 15-60 years. Rosenberg self-esteem scale and Depression anxiety and stress scale-21 were used to collect data which was analysed using SPSS 22.
Of the 400 subjects, 315(78.8%) were males and 85(21.2%) were females. The overall mean age was 38.03±11.86 years. Low level of self-esteem was found in 350(87.5%), depression in 374(93.4%), anxiety in 388(96.9%) and stress in 338(84.4%). Females showed significant association with stress (p=0.009).
The level of self-esteem was low among majority of the participants and psychological well-being was found to be poor.
The level of self-esteem was low among majority of the participants and psychological well-being was found to be poor.
To evaluate the effect of cookies supplemented with apple pomace and mango-peel powder on postprandial glucose and insulin concentration.
The experimental study was conducted from February to August, 2018, at the Nutrition Counselling Centre, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Different cookies with apple pomace and mango-peel powder were prepared and the most nutritive acceptable cookies were used to determine their postprandial effect on glucose and insulin concentrations against the control cookies made with white flour only in female subjects. Adult women were selected through advertisement with normal body mass index. Data was analysed using SPSS 17.
All the 30 subjects received enriched and control cookies at different time slots during the study. The overall mean age of the sample was 25±10 years and each subject had body mass index <25kg/m2. Overall blood glucose and insulin concentrations were significantly lower with treatment cookies , compared to the control cookies (p<0.05).
It was evident that fruit processing waste can be used as a nutraceutical agent in diet-based modules.
It was evident that fruit processing waste can be used as a nutraceutical agent in diet-based modules.
To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan in detecting cervical nodal metastasis in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.
The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. and comprised records from January 1, 2015, to October 31, 2016, of patients diagnosed with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma and who underwent surgical resection of primary tumour along with neck dissection after having a contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan of head and neck. Diagnostic accuracy of the scans was calculated using final histopathology as the gold standard. All scans were reviewed by a consultant radiologist. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Of the 100 patients whose records were reviewed, 70(70%) were female, 55(55%) had buccal and 32(32%) had tongue cancer.. The scans had sensitivity 83%, specificity 61.7%, positive predictive value 70.9%, negative predictive value 76.3% and overall diagnostic accuracy 73%.
Computed tomography scan was found to be a useful tool for preoperative staging of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. However, due to low specificity and negative predictive value, elective neck dissection should still be done in a negative scan for cervical lymph node metastases.
Computed tomography scan was found to be a useful tool for preoperative staging of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. However, due to low specificity and negative predictive value, elective neck dissection should still be done in a negative scan for cervical lymph node metastases.
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