Notes

Stellate cell computational modeling anticipates transmission filter from the molecular coating signal involving cerebellum.
The predicted mean plasma S-warfarin concentration and INR at steady state were almost 6 and 2times greater, respectively, in the presence of sorafenib than those for warfarin alone. The predicted S-warfarin concentrations and INR after reduction of the warfarin dose (0.5mg/day) in the presence of sorafenib were comparable to those after 3mg/day warfarin alone.

The proposed population PK-PD model has the potential to predict an increase in INR quantitatively after concurrent administration of warfarin and sorafenib.
The proposed population PK-PD model has the potential to predict an increase in INR quantitatively after concurrent administration of warfarin and sorafenib.Acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly in numerous countries and caused a massive number of deaths. Interferon-α (IFN-α), lopinavir/ritonavir, chloroquine phosphate, arbidol, ribavirin, remdesivir, and dexamethasone are the therapeutic drugs recommended for treating 2019-nCoV disease (COVID-19 disease). Due to the particularity of immune function, pregnant women seem to be more susceptible to the virus. We searched the literature to find effective and safe drugs for patients with COVID-19 during pregnancy and to provide drug therapy strategies for medical staff. According to the current literature we reviewed, we suggest that IFN-α and arbidol can be retained in the treatment regimen for pregnant women and that to reduce maternal mortality, appropriate doses of dexamethasone can be given to those who are predicted to have low premature survival and to receive mechanical ventilation or oxygen. However, the use of dexamethasone in the 1st trimester and after 37 weeks of gestation should be avoided.
A possible correlation between caffeine and coronary heart disease (CHD) is controversial. The objective of this study was to explore the effect of long-term inhalation of caffeine-sodium benzoate (CSB) on the development of CHD in men, the severity of coronary artery lesions and the possible contributing effects of smoking.

A retrospective analysis was performed on 2,001 consecutive men who underwent selective coronary angiography. These men were assigned to a CSB inhalation group (CSB; 1-6 times/d, 274-1,644mg/d, >10years; n=326) or a non-inhalation group (non-CSB; n=1,675).

The two groups were compared for the prevalence, onset age, and risk factors of CHD. The men were also stratified as CSB-only, smoking-only, combined CSB+ smoking, and the control (non-CSB+non-smoking). The prevalence, onset age, risk factors of CHD, and severity of coronary artery lesions and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were compared among these groups.

The prevalence of CHD in the CSB group was higher compared with the non-CSB group (91.72 vs. 86.09%, p<0.01). In the CSB+smoking group, the percentages of men with CHD (93.11%) or >70% stenosis of the coronary artery lesion (64.92%) were significantly higher than that of the smoking-only group (88.19 and 54.29%, respectively) or control (83.20 and 52.90%), while the percentage with stenosis involving the anterior descending branch was lower (62.30 vs. IDRX-42 mouse 72.29% and 74.17%, p<0.01).

Men who inhaled CSB long-term had a higher rate of CHD compared with those who did not take CSB. The combination of CSB inhalation and smoking appears to increase synergistically the risk and severity of CHD.
Men who inhaled CSB long-term had a higher rate of CHD compared with those who did not take CSB. The combination of CSB inhalation and smoking appears to increase synergistically the risk and severity of CHD.
To assess the relative efficacy and safety of biological agents in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA).

We performed a Bayesian network meta-analysis to combine direct and indirect evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to examine the efficacy and safety of canakinumab, anakinra, tocilizumab, and rilonacept in patients with sJIA.

Five RCTs that included 286 patients met the inclusion criteria. Canakinumab was the most effective treatment for sJIA (odds ratio, 55.04; 95% credible interval, 15.52 - 253.29). A greater efficacy was observed with canakinumab than with tocilizumab and rilonacept. All interventions achieved a significant modified American College of Rheumatology Pediatric 30 (ACRpedi30) response compared to the placebo. The ranking probability, based on the surface under the cumulative ranking curve, indicated that canakinumab had the highest probability of being the best treatment in terms of the modified ACRpedi30 response rate, followed by anakinra, tocilizumab, rilonacept, and the placebo. However, no significant differences were observed in the incidence of serious adverse events after treatment with canakinumab, anakinra, tocilizumab, rilonacept, or the placebo.

In patients with sJIA, canakinumab had the highest probability of being the best treatment in terms of the modified ACRpedi30 response rate; neither of the tested biological agents were associated with a significant risk of serious adverse events.
In patients with sJIA, canakinumab had the highest probability of being the best treatment in terms of the modified ACRpedi30 response rate; neither of the tested biological agents were associated with a significant risk of serious adverse events.
Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is a common manifestation of lupus erythematosus. Hydroxychloroquine is commonly used in the treatment of lupus erythematosus. The present study aims to report hallucinations induced by hydroxychloroquine.

A 37-year-old woman came to the dermatology clinic with a complaint of a red lesion on her left cheek. Physical examination revealed an ulcerative erythematous plaque with keratotic scales, an atrophic area of ~2×2.5cm. Biopsy of the lesion was performed, and histopathology result was consistent with the diagnosis of DLE. Laboratory tests were all normal. Topical clobetasol and pimecrolimus were prescribed for the patient, who was recommended to use sunscreen as well. However, the treatment did not work, thus hydroxychloroquine 200mg daily was added to the treatment. After a week, the patient came back to the clinic with her husband with the complaint of auditory and visual hallucinations, nightmares, and occasional decrease in consciousness level. After neurology and psychiatric consultation, hydroxychloroquine was discontinued and replaced with intralesional administration of triamcinolone.
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