Notes

[Antidepressant aftereffect of acid polysaccharides from Poria in addition to their regulation of neurotransmitters as well as NLRP3 pathway].
CONCLUSION No clinical and radiological differences were found when the two cohorts of patients were compared. This study showed that the implant design played a minor role in the final outcome as opposed to a precise surgical technique. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Retrospective case-control study, Level III.PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to analyze the long-term clinical and radiological outcomes of patients who underwent closing-wedge High Tibial Osteotomy (HTO) for the treatment of medial compartment osteoarthritis and to evaluate the conversion rate to knee arthroplasty. METHODS A retrospective, non-randomized, monocentric study was performed in our Institution considering 166 patients between 1989 and 2012. The final population was composed by 82 patients (94 knees), median age at time of operation was 53 (range 45-73) years. All patients were evaluated clinically (HSS Score, Tegner Scale, VAS and Crosby-Insall Grading) and radiographically (osteoarthritis staging, hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle, tibial slope and metaphyseal varus). RESULTS Mean follow-up was 11.9 ± 7.2 years. HSS Score increased significantly from 70.8 ± 10 to 93.2 ± 9.1 (p less then  0.05) instead Tegner Scale increased from 1.3 ± 0 (range 1-4) to 2.8 ± 0.7 (range 2-6) at the last control (n.s.); VAS score significantly decreased from 7.9 ± 1.4 to 1.6 ± 1.1 (p less then  0.05) at last follow-up. According to the Crosby-Insall Grading System, 80 patients (97.4%) reported excellent-good results. HKA angle decreased from 6.9° ± 3.5 to 2.6° ± 2.6 (p less then  0.01), tibial slope decreased from 10.1° ± 1.4 to 6.8° ± 2.1 (p less then  0.05) and finally the metaphyseal varus decreased from 4.2° ± 0 to 2.1° ± 1.2 (n.s.) at the last follow-up. Adverse events were reported in 4.8%. Osteotomy survivorship rate resulted 92% at 10 years, 82% at 15 years and 80% at 20 years. Sixteen revisions (9.6%) were reported at a mean period of 12.8 years. CONCLUSIONS CW-HTO is a valid option for medial osteoarthritis treatment, with successful results in both clinical and radiological outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare clinical and radiological outcomes after arthroscopic repair of two different rotator cuff tear configurations anterosuperior rotator cuff tear and rotator cuff tears with subscapularis involvement. It was hypothesized that, although both tear configurations would show significant improvement in clinical outcomes after arthroscopic repair, the rotator cuff tears with subscapularis involvement where the anterior rotator cable maintains its integrity would have better clinical outcomes and structural integrity. METHODS This study included 226 patients who underwent arthroscopic repair of anterosuperior rotator cuff tears (n = 107, group A) and rotator cuff tears with subscapularis involvement (n = 119, group B). The visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, subjective shoulder value (SSV), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) shoulder score, and active range of motion (ROM) were assessed. Ethyl 3-Aminobenzoate concentration Modified belly prepinatus fatty infiltration. Therefore, the present study determined that it would not be necessary to differentiate treatment protocols between these patterns. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III.PURPOSE The effects of weight bearing (WB) on knee kinematics following mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of WB on in vivo kinematics of mobile-bearing UKA during high knee flexion activities. METHODS The kinematics of UKA were evaluated under fluoroscopy during squatting (WB) and active-assisted knee flexion (non-weight bearing, NWB). Range of motion, femoral axis rotation relative to the tibia, anteroposterior (AP) translation of the medial and lateral sides, and kinematic pathway were measured. RESULTS There were no differences in knee flexion range and external rotation of the femur in each flexion angle between the WB conditions. The amount of femoral external rotation between minimum flexion and 60° of flexion during WB was significantly larger than that during NWB, and that between 60° and 130° of flexion during NWB was significantly larger than that during WB. There were no differences in medial AP translation of the femur in each flexion angle between the WB conditions. However, on the lateral side, posterior translation of 52.9 ± 12.7% was observed between minimum flexion and 130° of flexion during WB. During NWB, there was no significant translation between minimum flexion and 60° of flexion; beyond 60° of flexion, posterior translation was 41.6 ± 8.7%. Between 20° and 80° of flexion, the lateral side in WB was located more posteriorly than in NWB (p  less then  0.05). CONCLUSION Mobile-bearing UKA has good anterior stability throughout the range of knee flexion. WB status affects the in vivo kinematics following mobile-bearing UKA. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.PURPOSE Accurate assessment of the locations of patellar avulsion fractures in acute patellar dislocations is clinically relevant for decision making for treatment. The study aim was to classify the locations of patellar avulsion fractures with a focus on the ligament attachments of medial stabilizing structures. METHODS Out of 131 first-time acute traumatic patellar dislocations, 61 patients had patellar fractures. Subsequently, 10 patients with isolated osteochondral fractures of the articular surface in the patella were excluded. Finally, 51 patients (34 females and 17 males, average age 18.5 years, 95% CI 16.1-20.9) were included in the study cohort. Based on the locations of the patellar attachment, the patients were divided into three groups the superior group [medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) attachment], inferior group [medial patellotibial ligament (MPTL)/medial patellomeniscal ligament (MPML) attachment], and mixed group. RESULTS In the patellar avulsion group (51 patients), the superior group, mixed group, and inferior group contained 8/51 (16%), 12/51 (24%), and 31/51 (61%) patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that 84% of the patellar avulsion fractures were located in the inferomedial patellar border, which consisted of MPTL/MPML attachments that were clearly different from the true "MPFL" attachment at the superomedial patellar border. In terms of the clinical relevance, the acute surgical repair of MPTL/MPML attachments in the inferomedial patellar border may not sufficiently control the patella if optimal management of the MPFL is not performed. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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