Notes

Relative optic as well as dosimetric depiction of the HYPERSCINT scintillation dosimetry study podium for multipoint software.
Neuregulins, members of the largest subclass of growth factors of the epidermal growth factor family, mediate a myriad of cellular functions including survival, proliferation, and differentiation in normal tissues through binding to receptor tyrosine kinases of the ErbB family. However, aberrant neuregulin signaling in the tumor microenvironment is increasingly recognized as a key player in initiation and malignant progression of human cancers. In this chapter, we focus on the role of neuregulin signaling in the hallmarks of cancer, including cancer initiation and development, metastasis, as well as therapeutic resistance. Moreover, role of neuregulin signaling in the regulation of tumor microenvironment and targeting of neuregulin signaling in cancer from the therapeutic perspective are also briefly discussed.
Glaucoma outcomes are closely associated with patients' awareness of the disease. However, little is known about glaucoma awareness and knowledge in Addis Ababa, a densely populated and ethnolinguistically diverse capital city in Ethiopia, the second largest country in Africa.

We performed a cross-sectional survey in the ophthalmology waiting room at St. Paul's Hospital, a tertiary care center in Addis Ababa. Respondents included patients, patient family members, and non-clinical staff. Participants were asked if they had read or heard about glaucoma to gauge basic awareness of the disease; those with awareness were asked to take a quiz to measure their objective glaucoma knowledge. We performed multivariable regression to identify factors associated with glaucoma awareness, quiz performance, and self-rated ability to use eye drops.

Of 298 respondents, 145 (48.7%) were female, and the average age was 44.9 ± 17.2years. A majority (167; 56.0%) had primary school or less than primary school education. Onlyost strongly associated with education level. Educational interventions at public health and provider-patient levels are warranted. selleck chemical Our results suggest high receptiveness to both medical and surgical treatment.
To present the clinical profile of patients with pseudoexfoliation (PXF) and describe its association with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma and cataract surgery complications at a university hospital in Jordan.

Electronic chart search was performed among patients aged ≥ 50years who attended the Jordan University Hospital between January 2015 and March 2018, to identify patients with pseudoexfoliation. Data derived from history and ophthalmic examination regarding laterality of pseudoexfoliation, presence of glaucoma, glaucoma surgery, cataract, cataract surgery, lens instability, and complications of cataract surgery were collected and analyzed.

Of 19,753 patient records searched, 962 (477 male and 485 female) had PXF (4.9%). The mean (SD) age was 71.8 (8.1) years. Pseudoexfoliation was unilateral in 539 patients (56.0%). The mean age of patients with clinically bilateral PXF was significantly higher than those with clinically unilateral PXF (p = 0.001). Pseudoexfoliation glaucoma was present in 237 of 962 (2ignificantly associated with clinically bilateral PXF and male gender. Cataract surgery complication rates were not statistically different between PXF and the fellow eyes of clinically unilateral PXF eyes. Surgeons need to be aware of the potential increased risk of intraoperative complications in both groups.
Karol et al. introduced the concept that 18cm thoracic height is the critical point where a patient with early onset scoliosis (EOS) can maintain adequate pulmonary function. Our purpose was to determine if distraction-based surgeries will increase thoracic spine height to at least 18cm in patients with EOS.

Patients with EOS treated with distraction-based systems (minimum 5years follow up, minimum five lengthenings). Radiographic analysis of thoracic spine height (T1-T12) at the last lengthening procedure.

One hundred and fifty-three patients (67 congenital, 21 neuromuscular, 38 syndromic, 27 idiopathic) with pre-operative mean age 4.6years, scoliosis 75°, kyphosis 47° were evaluated. Their mean age at final lengthening procedure was 11years (6-16), average number of lengthening procedures was 10.5 (4-21), mean final scoliosis was 53°, and mean final kyphosis was 58°. Final thoracic height was > 18cm in 65% and was > 22cm in 31% of patients. Based on etiology, only 48% of the congenital patients reached 18cm compared to 81% neuromuscular, 84% syndromic and 67% idiopathic. This height gain was closely related to the percentage of scoliosis correction achieved for each etiology. Comparing congenital etiology to other etiologies, there was a lower percentage of patients in the congenital group that passed the 18cm threshold (48% vs. 78%) (p < 0.05).

At minimum 5years follow up, distraction-based surgeries increased thoracic height for patients with EOS to greater than 18cm in 65% of patients; however, only 48% of congenital patients reached this thoracic height threshold.

Retrospective review of prospectively collected registry data. LOI III.
Retrospective review of prospectively collected registry data. LOI III.
Transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia (TDT) is a rare genetic disease characterized by a deficiency of functional β-globin, ultimately leading to lifelong dependence on blood transfusions. There is little patient- and caregiver-reported data with which to understand the holistic and societal impact of TDT. The objective of this study was to evaluate the patient- and caregiver-reported disease-management, symptom, and quality-of-life burden of TDT.

We conducted a prospective, observational, real-world study of adults with TDT and caregivers of adolescents with TDT, in Italy, the UK, and the USA. Over 90 days, participants used a smartphone application to respond to surveys about their or their dependent's TDT, including bespoke background and disease-management surveys, the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), the Transfusion-dependent Quality of life questionnaire (TranQol), and the Brief Pain Inventory Short Form (BPI-SF).

Eighty-five individuals participated. Mean BFI and TranQol scores on enrollment were 5.0 (0-10 scale; 10 = worst symptoms) and 51 (0-100 scale; 100 = best quality of life), respectively.
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